We analyze archetypes of farmer groups conducting pond aquaculture across the province of Nusa Tenggara Barat, Indonesia using Ostrom’s social-ecological systems framework. Pond aquaculture farmers share coastal irrigation infrastructure as common property, among other resources, and are encouraged by the government to organize into groups with varying sets of evolved rules, norms, social practices and environmental conditions shaping what they produce, how and how much. Yet little is known about the diversity of these pond aquaculture communities, or what factors—both social and ecological—shape production trends and sustainability outcomes. We designed a standardized survey to collect data on 26 indicators from 85 diverse community-based fish farmer groups across the province. Data included indicators on ownership, rules, history, production trends, demographics, government involvement, livelihood dependence, environmental characteristics and risks. Clustering analysis was applied to identify five unique archetypes of pond aquaculture communities, each distinguished by a different set of development challenges and opportunities. Our findings highlight the need to move beyond a ‘one-size-fits-all’ policy approach. We suggest moving towards a locally adapted capacity building strategy that can recognize contextual needs so that policy programs can better target and differentiate between farmer groups that face similar challenges. We further discuss how empowering collective action among the farmers can reduce risks associated with producing blue food for local consumption and regional markets.

中文翻译：

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印度尼西亚社区池塘水产养殖的原型：应用社会生态系统框架来审查可持续性权衡

我们使用奥斯特罗姆的社会生态系统框架分析了印度尼西亚努沙登加拉省进行池塘水产养殖的农民群体的原型。除其他资源外，池塘水产养殖农民将沿海灌溉基础设施作为公共财产共享，政府鼓励他们组织成不同的群体，这些群体具有不同的发展规则、规范、社会实践和环境条件，这些条件决定了他们的生产内容、方式和产量。然而，人们对这些池塘水产养殖群落的多样性以及哪些社会和生态因素影响生产趋势和可持续性结果知之甚少。我们设计了一项标准化调查，从全省 85 个不同的社区养鱼群体收集 26 项指标的数据。数据包括所有权、规则、历史、生产趋势、人口统计、政府参与、生计依赖、环境特征和风险等指标。应用聚类分析来确定池塘水产养殖社区的五种独特原型，每种原型都具有不同的发展挑战和机遇。我们的研究结果强调需要超越“一刀切”的政策方针。我们建议采取适应当地情况的能力建设战略，该战略可以识别具体情况的需求，以便政策计划能够更好地针对和区分面临类似挑战的农民群体。我们进一步讨论了如何赋予农民集体行动权力来降低为当地消费和区域市场生产蓝色食品的相关风险。