Radiation measurement relies on pulse detection, which can be performed using various configurations of high-speed analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) and field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). For optimal power consumption, design simplicity, system flexibility, and the availability of DSP slices, we consider the Radio Frequency System-on-Chip (RFSoC) to be a more suitable option than traditional setups. To this end, we have developed custom RFSoC-based electronics and verified its feasibility. The ADCs on RFSoC exhibit a flat frequency response of 1–125 MHz. The root-mean-square (RMS) noise level is 2.1 ADC without any digital signal processing. The digital signal processing improves the RMS noise level to 0.8 ADC (input equivalent 40 μV_rms). Baseline correction via digital signal processing can effectively prevent photomultiplier overshoot after a large pulse. Crosstalk between all channels is less than -55 dB. The measured data transfer speed can support up to 32 kHz trigger rates (corresponding to 750 Mbps). Overall, our RFSoC-based electronics are highly suitable for pulse detection, and after some modifications, they will be employed in the Kamioka Liquid Scintillator Anti-Neutrino Detector (KamLAND).

中文翻译：

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基于 RFSoC 的脉冲检测前端电子器件

辐射测量依赖于脉冲检测，可以使用高速模数转换器 (ADC) 和现场可编程门阵列 (FPGA) 的各种配置来执行脉冲检测。为了实现最佳功耗、设计简单性、系统灵活性和 DSP 片的可用性，我们认为射频片上系统 (RFSoC) 是比传统设置更合适的选择。为此，我们开发了基于 RFSoC 的定制电子产品并验证了其可行性。 RFSoC 上的 ADC 表现出 1–125 MHz 的平坦频率响应。均方根 (RMS) 噪声水平为 2.1 ADC，无需任何数字信号处理。数字信号处理将 RMS 噪声水平提高至 0.8 ADC（输入等效值 40 μV _rms）。通过数字信号处理进行基线校正可以有效防止大脉冲后光电倍增管的过冲。所有通道之间的串扰小于-55 dB。测得的数据传输速度可支持高达 32 kHz 的触发速率（相当于 750 Mbps）。总体而言，我们基于 RFSoC 的电子器件非常适合脉冲检测，经过一些修改后，它们将用于神冈液体闪烁体反中微子探测器 (KamLAND)。