The Katingan I Lowlands Irrigation Area (LIA) is one of tidal lowlands irrigation area in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Because the Katingan I LIA utilizes water from the estuary, the occurence of saltwater intrusion is likely to occur. Assessing water salinity due to saltwater intrusion provides essential information for farmers to manage water appropriately. In addition, this information can also be used by the government to develop policies and management strategies for Katingan I LIA. Saltwater intrusion that occurs when sea water flows into irrigation canals and agricultural land can lead to increased salinity. High salinity levels can affect agricultural productivity, especially in rice crops. Therefore, a thorough salinity study is needed to support the development of rice farming. This study aims to evaluate salinity levels due to saltwater intrusion and understand the factors affecting them. The study measured tidal (water level elevation), electrical conductivity (EC), and salinity data of the Katingan River and several locations in the primary and secondary channels. Data collection methods included continuous and instantaneous measurements using portable data logger installations and handheld devices. The existing water salinity conditions at Katingan I LIA obtained the maximum water salinity value from the three locations of 14,536 ppm and the lowest water salinity value of 3.02 ppm. The maximum water salinity value that enters the primary canal is 5,547 ppm, higher than the thershold salinity value for rice farming (5,120 ppm). Therefore, anticipatory measuers must be conducted to reduce salinity intrusion, such as optitmizing water channels, making water gates, and managing the water use efficiently. It is also recommended that measurements be carried out during the dry season to see the comparison of results and the magnitude of the maximum water salinity value that occurs because salinity problems occur more during the dry season

中文翻译：

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咸水入侵对中加里曼丹卡廷安 I 低地灌溉区水稻种植的威胁

卡廷安一号低地灌溉区（LIA）是印度尼西亚中加里曼丹省的潮汐低地灌溉区之一。由于卡廷安 I LIA 使用来自河口的水，因此很可能发生盐水入侵。评估盐水入侵导致的水盐度为农民适当管理水提供了重要信息。此外，政府还可利用这些信息制定 Katingan I LIA 的政策和管理策略。当海水流入灌溉渠和农田时发生的盐水入侵会导致盐度增加。高盐度会影响农业生产力，特别是水稻作物。因此，需要进行彻底的盐度研究来支持水稻种植的发展。本研究旨在评估盐水入侵造成的盐度水平并了解影响它们的因素。该研究测量了卡廷根河以及主要和次要河道的几个地点的潮汐（水位高度）、电导率（EC）和盐度数据。数据收集方法包括使用便携式数据记录仪装置和手持设备进行连续和瞬时测量。根据Katingan I LIA现有的水盐度条件，三个地点的水盐度最高值为14,536 ppm，最低水盐度值为3.02 ppm。进入干渠的最大水盐度值为5,547 ppm，高于水稻种植的阈值盐度值（5,120 ppm）。因此，必须采取预防性措施来减少盐分入侵，例如优化水道、设置水闸、有效管理用水。还建议在旱季进行测量，以查看结果的比较以及出现的最大水体盐度值的大小，因为盐度问题在旱季发生较多