Lunar water ice is an important resource to support the construction of lunar base and other deep space activities, and it is crucial to detect lunar water ice. In this paper, we studied the detection of lunar water ice based on a small neutron generator through Monte-Carlo simulation. The schematic of the detection system and the principle are explained. The simulation results demonstrate that the change of thermal neutron flux with the increase of water content is most obvious and clear. There is a positive correlation between thermal neutron counting and water content in lunar soil. Using thermal neutron counting, the water content can be obtained by inversion.

中文翻译：

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基于小型中子发生器的月球水冰探测仿真研究

月球水冰是支撑月球基地建设和其他深空活动的重要资源，探测月球水冰至关重要。本文通过蒙特卡罗模拟研究了基于小型中子发生器的月球水冰探测。阐述了检测系统的原理图和原理。模拟结果表明，热中子通量随含水量增加的变化最为明显和清晰。热中子计数与月壤含水量呈正相关。利用热中子计数，反演即可得到含水量。