Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) are potentially traumatic events that occur before the age of 18. Researchers have examined the negative associations between adversity and adolescent and adult outcomes, such as education and physical health. However, research on ACEs, and their association with other outcomes in non-western contexts is sparse. The present study aims to increase our understanding of the prevalence of ACEs – and their association with educational aspirations – in low- and middle-income country contexts. We utilize data from the Family Migration and Early Life Outcomes (FAMELO) project, a multi-site survey project that collected data from families in historically high-migration contexts. ACEs and educational aspirations were measured in children aged 11 to17 years in Mexico ( = 853), Mozambique ( = 651), and Nepal ( = 1180). We use Poisson regressions to examine the prevalence of ACEs in multiple cultures, and then use multinomial logistic regressions to examine whether ACEs are associated with educational aspirations, as a practical application of the utility of the ACEs framework in cross-cultural contexts. Our results suggest that adolescents in Mozambique have a higher average number of ACEs (2.7) than adolescents in Mexico (1.4) and Nepal (1.3). Female adolescents reported fewer ACEs, while socioeconomic vulnerabilities (low-income and low parental education) were associated with higher exposure to ACEs, with differences by country. Lastly, ACEs were associated with lower educational aspirations in Mexico and Nepal. Our study attempted to heed the call of many scholars who have pushed for an expansion of research on ACEs in non-western, low- and middle-income country contexts.

中文翻译：

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对低收入和中等收入国家不良童年经历及其与青少年教育愿望的关系的跨文化研究

童年不良经历 (ACE) 是 18 岁之前发生的潜在创伤事件。研究人员研究了逆境与青少年和成人结果（例如教育和身体健康）之间的负相关关系。然而，在非西方背景下，对 ACE 及其与其他结果的关联的研究很少。本研究旨在加深我们对低收入和中等收入国家中 ACE 的流行程度及其与教育愿望的关系的了解。我们利用家庭移民和早期生活成果 (FAMELO) 项目的数据，这是一个多地点调查项目，从历史上高移民背景下的家庭收集数据。对墨西哥 (= 853)、莫桑比克 (= 651) 和尼泊尔 (= 1180) 11 至 17 岁儿童的 ACE 和教育愿望进行了测量。我们使用泊松回归来检查 ACE 在多种文化中的流行情况，然后使用多项逻辑回归来检查 ACE 是否与教育愿望相关，作为 ACE 框架在跨文化背景下的实用性的实际应用。我们的结果表明，莫桑比克青少年的 ACE 平均数量 (2.7) 高于墨西哥 (1.4) 和尼泊尔 (1.3) 的青少年。女性青少年报告的 ACE 较少，而社会经济脆弱性（低收入和父母教育程度低）与 ACE 暴露较高相关，但各国存在差异。最后，在墨西哥和尼泊尔，ACE 与较低的教育愿望相关。我们的研究试图响应许多学者的呼吁，他们推动在非西方、低收入和中等收入国家背景下扩大 ACE 研究。