Abstract

Objectives

Cardiometabolic health during pregnancy has potential to influence long-term chronic disease risk for both mother and offspring. Mindfulness practices have been associated with improved cardiometabolic health in non-pregnant populations. The objective was to evaluate diverse studies that explored relationships between prenatal mindfulness and maternal cardiometabolic health.

Method

An integrative review was conducted in January 2023 across five databases to identify and evaluate studies of diverse methodologies and data types. Quantitative studies that examined mindfulness as an intervention or exposure variable during pregnancy and reported any of the following outcomes were considered: gestational weight gain (GWG), blood glucose, insulin resistance, gestational diabetes, inflammation, blood pressure, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Qualitative studies were included if they evaluated knowledge, attitudes, or practices of mindfulness in relation to the above-mentioned outcomes during pregnancy.

Results

Fifteen eligible studies were identified, and 4 received a “Good” quality rating (1/7 interventional, 1/5 observational, 2/2 qualitative). Qualitative studies revealed interest among pregnant women in mindfulness-based practices for managing GWG. Some beneficial effects of mindfulness interventions on maternal glucose tolerance and blood pressure were identified, but not for other cardiometabolic outcomes. Observational studies revealed null direct associations between maternal trait mindfulness and cardiometabolic parameters, but one study suggests potential for mindful eating to mitigate excess GWG and insulin resistance.

Conclusions

There currently exists limited quality evidence for mindfulness practices to support prenatal cardiometabolic health. Further rigorous studies are required to understand whether prenatal mindfulness-based interventions, either alone or in combination with other lifestyle modalities, can benefit cardiometabolic health.

Preregistration

This study is not preregistered.

中文翻译：

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怀孕期间的正念和心脏代谢健康：综合回顾

摘要

目标

怀孕期间的心脏代谢健康可能会影响母亲和后代的长期慢性疾病风险。正念练习与改善非怀孕人群的心脏代谢健康有关。目的是评估探索产前正念与母亲心脏代谢健康之间关系的各种研究。

方法

2023 年 1 月对五个数据库进行了综合审查，以识别和评估不同方法和数据类型的研究。考虑将正念作为怀孕期间的干预或暴露变量进行定量研究，并报告以下任何结果：妊娠体重增加（GWG）、血糖、胰岛素抵抗、妊娠糖尿病、炎症、血压、妊娠高血压疾病。如果定性研究评估与怀孕期间上述结果相关的正念知识、态度或实践，则纳入其中。

结果

确定了 15 项符合条件的研究，其中 4 项获得了“良好”质量评级（1/7 干预性研究，1/5 观察性研究，2/2 定性研究）。定性研究表明，孕妇对基于正念的 GWG 管理实践很感兴趣。正念干预对母亲的葡萄糖耐量和血压有一些有益的影响，但对其他心脏代谢结果没有影响。观察性研究显示，母亲特质正念与心脏代谢参数之间没有直接关联，但一项研究表明，正念饮食有可能减轻过量的 GWG 和胰岛素抵抗。

结论

目前，正念练习支持产前心脏代谢健康的质量证据有限。需要进一步严格的研究来了解基于产前正念的干预措施，无论是单独还是与其他生活方式相结合，是否可以有益于心脏代谢健康。

预登记

这项研究没有预先注册。