The assessment of pulmonary nodules is a common and often challenging clinical scenario. This evaluation becomes even more complex in patients with connective tissue diseases (CTDs), as a range of disease-related factors must also be taken into account. These diseases are characterized by immune-mediated chronic inflammation, leading to tissue damage, collagen deposition, and subsequent organ dysfunction. A thorough examination of nodule features in these patients is required, incorporating anatomic and functional information, along with patient demographics, clinical factors, and disease-specific knowledge. This integrated approach is vital for effective risk stratification and precise diagnosis. This review article addresses specific CTD-related factors that should be taken into account when evaluating pulmonary nodules in this patient group.

肺结节的评估是一种常见且常常具有挑战性的临床情况。对于结缔组织疾病 (CTD) 患者，这种评估变得更加复杂，因为还必须考虑一系列疾病相关因素。这些疾病的特点是免疫介导的慢性炎症，导致组织损伤、胶原沉积和随后的器官功能障碍。需要对这些患者的结节特征进行彻底检查，结合解剖和功能信息，以及患者人口统计、临床因素和特定疾病的知识。这种综合方法对于有效的风险分层和精确诊断至关重要。这篇综述文章讨论了在评估该患者组的肺部结节时应考虑的特定 CTD 相关因素。