: The use of organophosphate pesticides (OPPs) in agricultural practices improves crop yield and controls pests, but their indiscriminate use and persistence in the environment pose significant health risks. Therefore, it has become increasingly important to develop reliable and efficient detection methods for OPPs to ensure food safety and monitor their presence. In recent years, OPP detection methods have undergone significant advancements. Sensors such as colorimetric, fluorescence, electrochemical, and impedometric offer several advantages over traditional methods, such as high sensitivity, selectivity, and portability. The purpose of this review paper is to provide an overview of recent developments in OPP detection methods. The paper discusses the different types of sensors that are available for the detection of OPPs, as well as their advantages and disadvantages. Many electrochemical methods have been employed to investigate OPP detection, including voltammetry, impedance spectroscopy, and amperometry. The integration of nanomaterials, such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, and metal nanoparticles, has significantly enhanced the performance of electrochemical sensors by providing high surface area, enhanced electron transfer, and specific analyte interactions. Furthermore, the review discusses the utilization of biomolecules, such as enzymes and aptamers, as recognition elements in sensor platforms for selective and sensitive OPP detection. The incorporation of these biomolecules offers high specificity and enables real-time monitoring of OPP residues in food samples and environmental matrices. It emphasizes the importance of continued research and development to optimize detection methods, improve sensor performance, and make these technologies more widely accessible for effective monitoring and control of OPP contamination in various domains.

中文翻译：

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有机磷农药灵敏检测的新兴技术：综述

：在农业实践中使用有机磷农药（OPP）可以提高作物产量并控制害虫，但它们的滥用和在环境中的持久存在会带来严重的健康风险。因此，开发可靠、高效的 OPP 检测方法以确保食品安全并监测其存在变得越来越重要。近年来，OPP检测方法取得了显着的进步。比色、荧光、电化学和阻抗等传感器比传统方法具有多种优势，例如高灵敏度、选择性和便携性。本综述的目的是概述 OPP 检测方法的最新发展。本文讨论了可用于检测 OPP 的不同类型的传感器及其优点和缺点。许多电化学方法已被用来研究 OPP 检测，包括伏安法、阻抗谱和电流分析法。碳纳米管、石墨烯和金属纳米粒子等纳米材料的集成通过提供高表面积、增强的电子转移和特定的分析物相互作用，显着增强了电化学传感器的性能。此外，该综述还讨论了酶和适体等生物分子作为传感器平台中的识别元件的利用，以进行选择性和灵敏的 OPP 检测。这些生物分子的掺入提供了高特异性，并能够实时监测食品样品和环境基质中的 OPP 残留量。它强调了持续研究和开发的重要性，以优化检测方法、提高传感器性能，并使这些技术更广泛地用于有效监测和控制各个领域的 OPP 污染。