Traditional living/controlled cationic polymerization provides a simple synthetic route for the preparation of various polymers with set molecular weight, narrow molecular weight distribution, and clear structure. Nowadays, under the requirements of sustainable development, it is very important to explore the green chemical technology in depth. This review offers an overview of initiation systems, reaction media, polymerization techniques, and monomers, with the aim of summarizing environmentally friendly methods utilized in the field of cationic polymerization over the past 15 years. It covers a variety of directions from traditional initiation systems to green initiators, from corrosive solvents to environmentally friendly solvents, from drop initiation to external stimulation initiation, from petroleum fractionated monomers to bio‐based monomers. These methods and Techniques aim to develop advanced high‐quality polymer products using cationic polymerization, and achieving efficient energy savings and reducing emissions. The ongoing exploration of green‐controlled cationic polymerization holds promise for opening up new avenues and novel technology for high‐performance polyolefin materials.

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绿色阳离子聚合研究新进展

传统的活性/受控阳离子聚合为制备各种分子量固定、分子量分布窄、结构清晰的聚合物提供了简单的合成路线。如今，在可持续发展的要求下，深入探索绿色化工技术显得尤为重要。本综述对引发系统、反应介质、聚合技术和单体进行了概述，旨在总结过去 15 年在阳离子聚合领域使用的环保方法。涵盖了从传统引发体系到绿色引发剂、从腐蚀性溶剂到环保溶剂、从滴落引发到外部刺激引发、从石油分馏单体到生物基单体等多个方向。这些方法和技术旨在利用阳离子聚合开发先进的高质量聚合物产品，并实现高效节能减排。对绿色可控阳离子聚合的持续探索有望为高性能聚烯烃材料开辟新途径和新技术。