Industrial production of gravelly soil has been applied at construction sites in earth-rock engineering, which adopts automatic blending and belt-conveyer systems for gravelly soil. The blending uniformity of gravelly soil has a significant impact on its mechanical and physical properties including shear resistance and impermeability. Real-time evaluation of blending uniformity is key to controlling the quality of gravelly soil. This study proposes a real-time evaluation method for the blending uniformity of gravelly soil transported by a belt conveyor. First, Cond-YOLOv8-seg is adapted to accurately segment gravel particles from gravelly soil images, employing a conditional convolution segmentation head and an improved Protonet embedded with a recurrent criss-cross attention (RCCA) module based on YOLOv8-seg. Then, the segmented masks are used to analyze the spatial uniformity (SU) and blending ratio consistency (BRC) of individual and continuous gravelly soil images, employing the proposed evaluation criterion for SU based on the theory of deformable four-sided static distances and BRC based on the area ratio of different-scale gravel particles in one image. Cond-YOLOv8-seg achieved an AP of 0.803 and FPS of 58.3. The effectiveness of the proposed evaluation criteria is validated quantitatively. The average uniformity evaluation time of a 2048 × 1536 image is determined to be 0.1151s, which is close to the real-time evaluation of gravelly soil transported by a belt conveyor.

中文翻译：

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基于Cond-YOLOv8-seg的工业化碎石土掺合均匀度实时评价

砾石土工业化生产已应用于土石方工程施工现场，采用砾石土自动拌和和皮带输送系统。砾石土的拌和均匀度对其抗剪、抗渗等力学物理性能有显着影响。实时评价掺混均匀度是控制砾石土质量的关键。本研究提出了一种带式输送机输送碎石土混合均匀度的实时评价方法。首先，Cond-YOLOv8-seg 采用条件卷积分割头和基于 YOLOv8-seg 嵌入循环交叉注意（RCCA）模块的改进 Protonet，用于从砾石土壤图像中准确分割砾石颗粒。然后，采用基于可变形四边静态距离和 BRC 理论提出的 SU 评价标准，使用分割掩模分析单个和连续砾石土图像的空间均匀性（SU）和混合比一致性（BRC）基于一幅图像中不同尺度砾石颗粒的面积比。 Cond-YOLOv8-seg 的 AP 为 0.803，FPS 为 58.3。所提出的评估标准的有效性得到了定量验证。确定2048×1536图像的平均均匀度评价时间为0.1151s，接近带式输送机运输碎石土的实时评价。