colonization on agricultural products during preharvest and postharvest results in tremendous economic losses. Inspired by the synergistic antifungal effects of essential oils, the aims of this study were to explore the mechanism of combined cinnamaldehyde and nonanal (S) against and to evaluate the antifungal activity of S loading into diatomite (DM). Shriveled mycelia were observed by scanning electron microscopy, especially in the S treatment group. Calcofluor white staining, transmission electron microscopy, dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate staining and the inhibition of key enzymes in tricarboxylic acid cycle indicated that the antifungal mechanism of S against was related to the cell wall damage, reactive oxygen species accumulation and energy metabolism interruption. RNA sequencing revealed that some genes involved in antioxidation were upregulated, whereas genes responsible for cell wall biosynthesis, oxidative stress, cell cycle and spore development were significantly downregulated, supporting the occurrence of cellular apoptosis. In addition, compared with the control group, conidia production in 1.5 mg/mL DM/cinnamaldehyde, DM/nonanal and DM/S groups were decreased by 27.16%, 48.22% and 76.66%, respectively, and the aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) contents decreased by 2.00%, 73.02% and 84.15%, respectively. These finding suggest that DM/S complex has potential uses in food preservation.

中文翻译：

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肉桂醛与壬醛协同抗黄曲霉菌机制及其在食品保鲜中的应用

农产品收获前和收获后的定殖造成巨大的经济损失。受精油协同抗真菌作用的启发，本研究的目的是探索肉桂醛和壬醛（S）组合对抗真菌的机制，并评估硅藻土（DM）负载S的抗真菌活性。通过扫描电子显微镜观察到枯萎的菌丝体，特别是在S处理组中。 Calcoflor白染色、透射电镜、二氯二氢荧光素二乙酸酯染色以及对三羧酸循环关键酶的抑制表明S的抗真菌机制与细胞壁损伤、活性氧积累和能量代谢中断有关。 RNA测序显示，一些参与抗氧化的基因上调，而负责细胞壁生物合成、氧化应激、细胞周期和孢子发育的基因显着下调，支持细胞凋亡的发生。此外，与对照组相比，1.5 mg/mL DM/肉桂醛、DM/壬醛和DM/S组分生孢子产量分别降低27.16%、48.22%和76.66%，黄曲霉毒素B1（AFB1）含量分别下降2.00%、73.02%和84.15%。这些发现表明 DM/S 复合物在食品保存方面具有潜在用途。