Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a public health issue that affects millions of people worldwide leading to physical, mental and socio-economic consequences. While current treatments for AUD have provided relief to individuals, their effectiveness on the long term is often limited, leaving a number of affected individuals without sustainable solutions. In this review, we aim to explore two emerging approaches for AUD: psychedelics and epigenetic drugs (i.e., epidrugs). By examining preclinical studies, different animal species and procedures, we delve into the potential benefits of each of these treatments in terms of addictive behaviors (alcohol drinking and seeking, motivation to drink alcohol and prevention of relapse). Because psychedelics and epidrugs may share common and complementary mechanisms of action, there is an exciting opportunity for exploring synergies between these approaches and their parallel effectiveness in treating AUD and the diverse associated psychiatric conditions.

酒精使用障碍 (AUD) 是一个公共卫生问题，影响全世界数百万人，导致身体、精神和社会经济后果。虽然目前的 AUD 治疗方法已经为个人提供了缓解，但从长远来看，其效果往往有限，导致许多受影响的个人无法获得可持续的解决方案。在这篇综述中，我们的目标是探索两种新兴的 AUD 方法：致幻剂和表观遗传药物（即表观药物）。通过检查临床前研究、不同的动物物种和程序，我们深入研究了每种治疗方法在成瘾行为（饮酒和寻求酒精、饮酒动机和预防复发）方面的潜在益处。由于迷幻药和麻醉药可能具有共同且互补的作用机制，因此有一个令人兴奋的机会来探索这些方法之间的协同作用及其在治疗 AUD 和各种相关精神疾病方面的并行有效性。