Abstract

The Himalayan cryosphere comprises a large concentration of glaciers that feed numerous perennial rivers, providing food and water security to millions of people living in the downstream regions. To understand the effect of changing climate on these glaciers, an assessment of the mass loss in the glacier is crucial. In this study, the volume of 279 glaciers in the Parvati basin of the Himalaya in the year 2000 was estimated as 21.3 ± 3.8 km³ using the Laminar flow and scaling methods. The regional mass loss of the glaciers over the period 2000–2015 was calculated using the Improved Accumulation Area Ratio (IAAR) and Geodetic methods. The IAAR method’s estimate was based on meteorological data, whereas the geodetic method’s assessment was based on Cartosat-1 satellite data for three years (2011, 2014, 2015) and SRTM DEM for 2000. The mean elevation difference based on the aforementioned DEMs was − 4.6 ± 0.26 m, whereas the mass loss for the glaciers was 14% in the Parvati basin between 2000 and 2015. The mass balance of the glaciers in the basin is estimated as − 0.44 ± 0.23 m w.e.a⁻¹ and − 0.30 ± 0.23 m w.e.a⁻¹, using the IAAR and Geodetic methods, respectively. These methods provide synergetic means to analyze the basin-wide mass changes of glaciers over multiple (annual and long-term) temporal scales. The volume of ice stored in the glaciers of the Parvati basin and their mass changes are quantified at a regional scale to help understand their spatial heterogeneity over those timescales.

中文翻译：

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2000-2015年西喜马拉雅帕尔瓦蒂盆地冰川流域规模体积和质量变化

摘要

喜马拉雅冰冻圈由大量冰川组成，这些冰川为众多常年河流提供水源，为生活在下游地区的数百万人提供粮食和水安全。为了了解气候变化对这些冰川的影响，评估冰川的质量损失至关重要。在这项研究中，使用层流和缩放方法估计2000年喜马拉雅山帕尔瓦蒂盆地的279条冰川的体积为21.3 ± 3.8 km ³ 。使用改进的累积面积比（IAAR）和大地测量方法计算了2000-2015年期间冰川的区域质量损失。 IAAR方法的估计基于气象数据，而大地测量方法的评估基于三年（2011年、2014年、2015年）的Cartosat-1卫星数据和2000年的SRTM DEM。基于上述DEM的平均高差为 - 4.6 ± 0.26 m，而 2000 年至 2015 年间，帕尔瓦蒂盆地冰川的质量损失为 14%。该盆地冰川的质量平衡估计为 − 0.44 ± 0.23 m wea ⁻¹和 − 0.30 ± 0.23 m wea ⁻¹，分别使用 IAAR 和 Geodetic 方法。这些方法提供了协同手段来分析多个（年度和长期）时间尺度上流域范围内的冰川质量变化。帕尔瓦蒂盆地冰川中储存的冰量及其质量变化在区域尺度上进行量化，以帮助了解它们在这些时间尺度上的空间异质性。