In this study, the amplitude data of geo-radar electromagnetic (EM) waves were extracted using EM wave property analysis software, and the variation relationship between the heavy metal concentrations measured in the field and the geo-radar EM wave was analyzed to construct the characteristic function of geo-radar signal waves and heavy metal pollution. Heavy metal concentrations were obtained through inversion and compared with the measured heavy metal concentrations to further explore the feasibility of inversion by geo-radar signal waves. The variations of electromagnetic wave amplitude properties with burial depth on different profiles were analyzed, and it was concluded that the variation of the mean absolute amplitude for geo-radar electromagnetic waves was most consistent with the variation in burial depth. The trend of mean absolute amplitude was found to have a significant correlation coefficient (0.8329). The root mean square (RMS) amplitude fluctuated between 2000 and 3000 as the concentration stayed in the range of 250–300 mg/kg and stabilized around 1000 in the concentration range of 50–100 mg/kg. The mean absolute amplitude showed a similar trend to the RMS amplitude, displaying decreasing amplitude within the concentration range of 50–100 mg/kg. The characteristic function of heavy metal pollution concentration and EM wave amplitude was expressed as \(c=-0.00006\times {{F}_{{\text{a}}}}^{2}\text{+0.36}\times {F}_{{\text{a}}}-247.52\), which could be used to predict the actual heavy metal concentration changes through the changes in mean absolute amplitude. This provides a theoretical foundation for developing a model of the relationship between heavy metal pollution concentrations and electromagnetic wave amplitudes.

本研究利用电磁波特性分析软件提取了地质雷达电磁波的幅值数据，分析了现场实测重金属浓度与地质雷达电磁波之间的变化关系，构建了地质雷达信号波与重金属污染的特征函数通过反演获得重金属浓度，并与实测重金属浓度进行比较，进一步探讨地质雷达信号波反演的可行性。分析了不同剖面上电磁波振幅特性随埋深的变化，得出地质雷达电磁波平均绝对振幅的变化与埋深的变化最为一致。发现平均绝对振幅的趋势具有显着的相关系数（0.8329）。当浓度在250-300mg/kg范围内时，均方根（RMS）幅度在2000-3000之间波动，在50-100mg/kg浓度范围内稳定在1000左右。平均绝对振幅与RMS振幅具有相似的趋势，在50-100 mg/kg的浓度范围内振幅逐渐减小。重金属污染浓度与电磁波振幅的特征函数表示为\(c=-0.00006\times {{F}_{{\text{a}}}}^{2}\text{+0.36}\times {F}_{{\text{a}}}-247.52\)，可以通过平均绝对幅度的变化来预测实际重金属浓度的变化。这为建立重金属污染浓度与电磁波振幅关系模型提供了理论基础。