In the present study, Pleurotus tuber-regium (Rumph. ex Fr.) Singer collected from Keeriparai forest of Kanyakumari district, South India was cultivated using environmentally benign, low-cost agricultural waste residues (paddy straw, sugarcane bagasse, rice husk, and sawdust) as growth substrates. The main goal of this study was to assess the cultivation, yield, and nutritional value of P. tuber-regium fruiting bodies grown under different growth substrates. Spawn running time and time for primordia formation were found to be shorter in mushroom growing with paddy straw substrate compared to sawdust and sugarcane bagasse. A quick spawn run time was observed in paddy straw substrate (12 ± 1 day) followed by sugarcane bagasse (15 ± 1 day) and sawdust (23 ± 1 day). The primordia was well developed in the macrofungus grown with paddy straw substrate on 18 ± 1 day followed by sugarcane bagasse (22 ± 1 day) and sawdust (32 ± 1 day). Significantly higher yield of fruiting bodies with increased contents of protein and carbohydrate and low level of fat was obtained when P. tuber-regium was cultivated with paddy straw substrate. While, cultivation of P. tuber-regium in sawdust and sugarcane bagasse resulted in increased contents of K, Na, Ca, and Mg along with highest energy value. On the other hand, rice husk did not support the cultivation of this macrofungus. Therefore, it is of significant interest to initiate the commercial production of this macrofungus so as to fight against the problems of malnutrition found in few African and south Asian countries.

摘要

在本研究中，从印度南部 Kanyakumari 地区的 Keeriparai 森林采集的Pleurotus tuber-regium (Rumph. ex Fr.) Singer 是利用环境友好、低成本的农业废渣（稻草、甘蔗渣、稻壳和锯末）作为生长基质。本研究的主要目的是评估不同生长基质下块茎子实体的栽培、产量和营养价值。研究发现，与锯末和甘蔗渣相比，使用稻草基质生长的蘑菇的产卵运行时间和原基形成时间更短。在稻草基质中观察到产卵时间较快（12 ± 1 天），其次是甘蔗渣（15 ± 1 天）和锯末（23 ± 1 天）。在稻草基质中生长18±1天，随后在甘蔗渣（22±1天）和锯末（32±1天）中生长的大型真菌中，原基发育良好。以稻草基质栽培块茎马铃薯，其子实体产量显着提高，蛋白质和碳水化合物含量较高，脂肪含量较低。而在锯末和甘蔗渣中种植块茎会导致钾、钠、钙和镁的含量增加，并且能量值最高。另一方面，稻壳不支持这种大型真菌的培养。因此，启动这种大型真菌的商业化生产以应对少数非洲和南亚国家的营养不良问题具有重要意义。