One of the most popular and widely used cementitious nanoparticle materials is nanosilica (NNS). Although several researchers discuss how NNS affects the characteristics of concrete, knowledge is dispersed, making it difficult for the reader to assess the precise advantages of NNS. Therefore, a detailed review is required for the substitution of NNS in concrete. The present reviews collect the recently updated information on NNS as concrete ingredients. First, a summary of the manufacturing, physical, and chemical characteristics of NNS is provided. Second, the characteristics of fresh concrete are examined, including its effect on setting time, flowability, air content, and fresh density. Third, strength properties such as compressive, tensile, and flexure capacity are discussed. Finally, microstructure analyses such as scanning electronic microscopy and X-ray diffraction are discussed. The results show that NNS enhanced the mechanical and durability of concrete due to the pozzolanic reaction and microfilling voids but decreased the slump flow. The optimum dose is important for maximum performance. The typical optimum dose of NNS varies from 1 to 3% by weight of cement. This article also suggests future research directions to improve the performance of NNS-based concrete.

中文翻译：

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纳米二氧化硅在混凝土中的部分替代研究进展

最流行和广泛使用的水泥纳米颗粒材料之一是纳米二氧化硅（NNS）。尽管一些研究人员讨论了 NNS 如何影响混凝土的特性，但知识分散，使得读者很难评估 NNS 的精确优势。因此，需要对混凝土中NNS的替代进行详细审查。目前的评论收集了最近更新的 NNS 信息作为具体成分。首先，总结了 NNS 的制造、物理和化学特性。其次，研究了新拌混凝土的特性，包括其对凝结时间、流动性、空气含量和新拌密度的影响。第三，讨论了诸如压缩、拉伸和弯曲能力等强度特性。最后，讨论了扫描电子显微镜和 X 射线衍射等微观结构分析。结果表明，由于火山灰反应和微填充空隙，NNS 提高了混凝土的机械性能和耐久性，但降低了坍落度。最佳剂量对于最大性能非常重要。 NNS 的典型最佳剂量为水泥重量的 1% 至 3%。本文还提出了提高 NNS 基混凝土性能的未来研究方向。