The Developmental Origins of Health and Disease hypothesis (DOHaD) proposes that growth during the prenatal period might play a critical role in health, affecting the development of diseases, such as osteoporosis. Bone health is particularly affected by human behaviors when sports participation constitutes the main manifestation of physical exercise. The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between birth weight (BW) and bone mineral content (BMC) among adolescents, as well as to identify if sports participation and maturity can affect this relationship. The sample was composed of adolescents with ages ranging from 11 to 18 years, stratified according to normal birth weight (n = 331), low birth weight (n = 36), and macrosomia (n = 47), extracted from a wider cross‐sectional study (ABCD Growth Study). BW was self‐reported by the adolescent's parent. Sports participation was assessed by face‐to‐face interview. BMC was assessed using dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry. In the multivariate models, the relationships between BW and BMC remained non‐significant, while sports participation was significantly related to BMC on lower limbs among boys (r = 0.154; p value = .001) and BMC of upper limbs among girls (r = 0.124; p value = .044). APHV was related to BMC of upper limbs among boys (r = 0.137; p value = .001). In conclusion, BMC was not affected by BW, while this phenomenon seems to be significantly affected by the positive impact of sports participation and maturation on it.

中文翻译：

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体育参与在青少年出生体重和骨矿物质含量之间的关系中发挥着相关作用

健康与疾病的发育起源假说 (DOHaD) 提出，产前时期的生长可能对健康起着至关重要的作用，影响骨质疏松症等疾病的发展。当参与体育运动成为体育锻炼的主要表现形式时，骨骼健康尤其受到人类行为的影响。本研究的目的是分析青少年出生体重（BW）和骨矿物质含量（BMC）之间的关系，并确定体育参与和成熟度是否会影响这种关系。样本由年龄从 11 岁到 18 岁的青少年组成，根据正常出生体重分层（n= 331），低出生体重（n= 36）和巨大儿（n= 47），摘自更广泛的横断面研究（ABCD 增长研究）。 BW 由青少年家长自行报告。体育参与度通过面对面访谈进行评估。使用双能 X 射线吸收测定法评估 BMC。在多变量模型中，BW 和 BMC 之间的关系仍然不显着，而男孩的运动参与与下肢 BMC 显着相关（r= 0.154；p值 = .001) 和女孩上肢的 BMC (r= 0.124；p值 = .044)。男孩 APHV 与上肢 BMC 相关（r= 0.137;p值 = .001)。综上所述，BMC并没有受到BW的影响，而这种现象似乎明显受到了体育参与和成熟对其的积极影响。