Population growth has generated an enormous increase in demand for energy and chemicals to supply goods and services and to maintain quality of life. Oil, coal, and natural gas are the primary sources of the chemicals and energy that directly impact the economy. However, the reserves of these resources are continuously reducing. New alternatives have emerged, including biotechnological tools such as microbial consortia (MC) to produce biofuels, chemicals such as organic acids, and processed foods. The diversity of MC as a biotechnological tool allows it to be used in complex substrates, opening the possibility of using other solid waste to implement consolidated bioprocesses (CPs). This review presents an overview of the uses of MC and CP for producing biofuels using different feedstocks.

中文翻译：

---

使用不同微生物群落可持续生产生物燃料：最先进的技术

人口增长导致对能源和化学品的需求大幅增加，以供应商品和服务并维持生活质量。石油、煤炭和天然气是直接影响经济的化学品和能源的主要来源。然而，这些资源的储量正在不断减少。新的替代方案已经出现，包括生物技术工具，例如用于生产生物燃料、有机酸等化学品和加工食品的微生物联盟（MC）。 MC 作为生物技术工具的多样性使其能够用于复杂的基质，从而开启了利用其他固体废物实施综合生物工艺 (CP) 的可能性。本综述概述了 MC 和 CP 在使用不同原料生产生物燃料方面的用途。