Abstract

Soil contamination caused by the nitrogen fertilizer manufacturing industry is a growing global concern. This study focused on soil contamination in the nitrogen fertilizer manufacturing industry with 50 years of production history. In order to precisely control pollutants in the nitrogen fertilizer industry, according to overall exceedance of contaminants, the contaminants of concern (COC) have been identified as ammonia nitrogen and arsenic. We have also adeptly utilized spatial interpolation techniques, geodetector, to investigate the spatial distribution patterns of these pollutants and the factors influencing their origins, both anthropogenic and natural. The research findings indicate ammonia nitrogen was concentrated in urea and compound fertilizer production, water treatment, and coal gas production areas. Arsenic was mainly concentrated in the auxiliary areas. Furthermore, the urea-production area significantly influenced the distribution of ammonia nitrogen. The gas-production area had an important effect on arsenic and ammonia nitrogen distribution. Additionally, groundwater considerably influenced the distribution of ammonia nitrogen in the 3–5-m soil layer. Simultaneously, we have conducted human health risk assessment. Human health risk assessment indicated both carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks exceeding acceptable limits. The research findings provide theoretical support for nitrogen fertilizer manufacturing enterprises to identify key pollutants and functional areas for priority management, facilitating the implementation of targeted and precise management strategies and prioritization in environmental management.

Graphical Abstract

中文翻译：

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了解氮肥生产中的土壤污染：空间分布、因素以及对环境管理的影响

摘要

氮肥制造业造成的土壤污染日益受到全球关注。本研究主要针对具有50年生产历史的氮肥制造行业的土壤污染情况。为了精准控制氮肥行业污染物，根据污染物总体超标情况，确定关注污染物（COC）为氨氮和砷。我们还熟练地利用空间插值技术、地理探测器来研究这些污染物的空间分布模式以及影响其来源的因素，包括人为和自然。研究结果表明，氨氮主要集中在尿素及复合肥生产、水处理、煤气生产等领域。砷主要集中在辅助区。此外，尿素产区对氨氮的分布影响显着。产气区对砷和氨氮的分布有重要影响。此外，地下水对3-5米土层中氨氮的分布也有很大影响。同时，我们还进行了人体健康风险评估。人类健康风险评估表明致癌和非致癌风险均超过可接受的限度。研究成果为氮肥生产企业识别重点污染物和优先管理功能区提供理论支撑，有利于实施有针对性、精准化的管理策略和环境管理的优先顺序。

图形概要