Polyphenolic compounds play an essential role in plant growth, reproduction, and defense mechanisms against pathogens and environmental stresses. Extracting these compounds is the initial step in assessing phytochemical changes, where the choice of extraction method significantly influences the extracted analytes. However, due to environmental factors, analyzing numerous samples is necessary for statistically significant results, often leading to the use of harmful organic solvents for extraction. Therefore, in this study, a novel DES-based shaking-assisted extraction procedure for the separation of polyphenolic compounds from plant samples followed by LC-ESI-QTOF-MS analysis was developed. The DES was prepared from choline chloride (ChCl) as the hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) and fructose (Fru) as the hydrogen bond donor (HBD) at various molar ratios with the addition of 30% water to reduce viscosity. Several experimental variables affecting extraction efficiency were studied and optimized using one-variable-at-a-time (OVAT) and confirmed by response surface design (RS). Nearly the same experimental conditions were obtained using both optimization methods and were set as follows: 30 mg of sample, 300 mg of ChCl:Fru 1:2 DES containing 30% w/w of water, 500 rpm shaking speed, 30 min extraction time, 10°C extraction temperature. The results were compared with those obtained using conventional solvents, such as ethanol, methanol and water, whereby the DES-based shaking-assisted extraction method showed a higher efficiency than the classical procedures. The greenness of the developed method was compared with the greenness of existing procedures for the extraction of polyphenolic substances from solid plant samples using the complementary green analytical procedure index (ComplexGAPI) approach, while the results for the developed method were better or comparable to the existing ones. In addition, the practicability of the developed procedure was evaluated by application of the blue applicability grade index (BAGI) metric. The developed procedure was applied to the determination of spruce root samples with satisfactory results and has the potential for use in the analysis of similar plant samples.

多酚化合物在植物生长、繁殖以及针对病原体和环境胁迫的防御机制中发挥着重要作用。提取这些化合物是评估植物化学变化的第一步，其中提取方法的选择会显着影响提取的分析物。然而，由于环境因素，需要分析大量样品才能获得具有统计学意义的结果，这往往导致使用有害的有机溶剂进行提取。因此，在本研究中，开发了一种基于 DES 的新型振荡辅助提取程序，用于从植物样品中分离多酚化合物，然后进行 LC-ESI-QTOF-MS 分析。 DES 由氯化胆碱 (ChCl) 作为氢键受体 (HBA) 和果糖 (Fru) 作为氢键供体 (HBD) 以不同的摩尔比制备，并添加 30% 的水以降低粘度。使用一次一个变量 (OVAT) 研究和优化了影响提取效率的几个实验变量，并通过响应面设计 (RS) 进行了确认。使用两种优化方法获得了几乎相同的实验条件，并设置如下：30 mg 样品，300 mg ChCl:Fru 1:2 DES（含 30% w/w 水），500 rpm 振荡速度，30 min 提取时间，10°C 提取温度。将结果与使用传统溶剂（例如乙醇、甲醇和水）获得的结果进行比较，基于 DES 的振荡辅助提取方法显示出比经典程序更高的效率。将所开发方法的绿色度与使用补充绿色分析程序指数（ComplexGAPI）方法从固体植物样品中提取多酚物质的现有程序的绿色度进行比较，而所开发方法的结果优于或与现有方法相当。那些。此外，通过应用蓝色适用性等级指数（BAGI）指标来评估所开发程序的实用性。所开发的程序应用于云杉根样品的测定，结果令人满意，并且具有用于分析类似植物样品的潜力。