Background and aims: Chlorpyrifos (CPF), which is classified as an Organophosphorus Pesticide (OP), has been identified as a toxic agent for the reproductive system due to its capacity to induce oxidative stress and inflammation. Curcumin (CUR) has been reported as a natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent that could combat toxicity in various tissues. This study aims to examine the protective effects of CUR and its nanoformulation against reproductive impairment induced by CPF. Method: Forty-eight female Wistar albino rats were randomly allocated to six groups (n=8): control (0.5 mL of corn oil, the solvent for CPF), CPF (10 mg/kg), CPF + CUR 100 mg/kg/day, CPF + CUR 300 mg/kg/day, CPF + nano-micelle curcumin (NMC) 2.5 mg/kg/day, and CPF + NMC 5 mg/kg/day. The experimental treatment was performed for 30 days. Then, brain, ovary and uterus tissues were collected for measuring oxidative stress and inflammatory indices. Result: MDA, NO, IL-6, and TNF-α concentrations significantly increased in the brain, ovary and uterus of the CPF group versus the control group (p < 0.001). The levels of GSH and SOD in the uterus, ovaries, and brain exhibited a significant decrease in the CPF group compared to the control group (p 2 0.05). However, CUR (300 mg/kg) and NMC (5 mg/kg) significantly decreased MDA, NO, TNF-α, and Il-6 and increased SOD and GSH levels in the uterus, ovaries and brain of the CPF-exposed animals versus the CPF-exposed non-treated animals (p 0.001). Conclusion: Our findings indicated that CUR and NMC could be effective in alleviating CPFinduced reproductive toxicity.

中文翻译：

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姜黄素和纳米胶束姜黄素对毒死蜱所致大鼠子宫、卵巢和大脑氧化损伤和炎症的保护作用

背景和目的：毒死蜱（CPF）被归类为有机磷农药（OP），由于其能够诱导氧化应激和炎症，已被确定为生殖系统毒剂。据报道，姜黄素（CUR）是一种天然抗氧化剂和抗炎剂，可以对抗多种组织的毒性。本研究旨在探讨 CUR 及其纳米制剂对 CPF 引起的生殖损伤的保护作用。方法：48 只雌性 Wistar 白化大鼠随机分为 6 组（n=8）：对照组（0.5 mL 玉米油，CPF 溶剂）、CPF（10 mg/kg）、CPF + CUR 100 mg/kg /天，CPF + CUR 300 毫克/公斤/天，CPF + 纳米胶束姜黄素 (NMC) 2.5 毫克/公斤/天，以及 CPF + NMC 5 毫克/公斤/天。实验治疗进行30天。然后，收集脑、卵巢和子宫组织用于测量氧化应激和炎症指标。结果：与对照组相比，CPF 组大脑、卵巢和子宫中的 MDA、NO、IL-6 和 TNF-α 浓度显着增加（p < 0.001）。与对照组相比，CPF 组子宫、卵巢和大脑中的 GSH 和 SOD 水平显着降低（p 2 0.05）。然而，CUR (300 mg/kg) 和 NMC (5 mg/kg) 显着降低 CPF 暴露动物的子宫、卵巢和大脑中的 MDA、NO、TNF-α 和 Il-6，并增加 SOD 和 GSH 水平与暴露于 CPF 的未治疗动物相比 (p < 0.001)。结论：我们的研究结果表明，CUR 和 NMC 可以有效减轻 CPF 引起的生殖毒性。