The purpose of this study was to examine adaptations within competition day routines of female US Olympic medalists in differently formatted competitions in order to locate changes based on the organizations of the swimming competitions and differentiate the inflexible from the flexible parts of the routines. A purposeful sample of six elite swimmers participated in two 1-hour interviews with an observation at a national-level competition. A mixed-methods analysis protocol helped locate adaptions within the routine. Four results of note were reported. First, adaptations outside venue depended on format and/or individual schedule; adaptations inside the venue were in response to how they felt and their surroundings. Second, participants adapted their competition-day routines at different levels, i.e., segment and behavior levels, depending on being outside or inside the venue, respectively. Third, the competition-day routine of the participants followed similar competition-day routine segments at the venue that matched in scope and sequence for both the prelims and finals sessions. Fourth, once at the venue, adaptation of behaviors changed in order to accomplish the necessary active or passive preparations without changing the scope, sequence and duration of the segments. These findings deepen the understanding of competition-day routines by locating flexible and inflexible parts of the routines and showing greater variance when athletes adapt their routines.

中文翻译：

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美国女子奥运会游泳奖牌获得者比赛日常规的调整：混合方法

本研究的目的是检查美国奥运女奖牌获得者在不同形式的比赛中对比赛日套路的适应情况，以便根据游泳比赛的组织确定变化，并区分套路中不灵活的部分和灵活的部分。对六名优秀游泳运动员进行了有目的的抽样，参加了两次为期 1 小时的采访，并在国家级比赛中进行了观察。混合方法分析方案有助于在常规中找到适应措施。报告了四项值得注意的结果。首先，场外的调整取决于赛制和/或个人日程安排；场地内的调整是为了回应他们的感受和周围的环境。其次，参与者根据在场馆外或场内​​的情况，在不同级别（即分段和行为级别）调整他们的比赛日惯例。第三，参赛者的比赛日惯例在场地内遵循类似的比赛日惯例，其范围和顺序与预赛和决赛相匹配。第四，到达场地后，行为适应发生变化，以在不改变片段范围、顺序和持续时间的情况下完成必要的主动或被动准备。这些发现通过定位套路中灵活和不灵活的部分，并在运动员调整套路时显示出更大的差异，加深了对比赛日套路的理解。