A polyurethane membrane with interlayer channels was developed through electrospinning to separate oily sewage. To enhance its hydrophilicity, hydrophilic silica particles were grafted onto the fiber surface, creating a rough surface. This was done by treating the membrane with oxygen plasma to generate active sites, which were then coupled with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, followed by adding the membrane to a hydrolytic solution of tetraethyl orthosilicate. The resultant membrane had a low water contact angle of 23.3° and excellent underwater oleophobicity, with a high-underwater oil contact angle (varied from 155.9 to 159.7°) and underwater oil sliding angle (ranged from 4.0 to 4.6°) for different types of oils. In addition, the prepared membrane had a good moisture-evaporation rate (4.2 g/h) and water-absorption capacity (273%). It is also oil-resistant and self-cleaning in water, and could efficiently separating oil-in-water emulsion under gravity, with an initial separation flux of 2864 L/m²/h. During cyclic separation of emulsion, the membrane had the oil-retention rate of more than 99.0%, and the final separation flux of the membrane was maintained at 25 L/m²/h.

通过静电纺丝技术开发了一种具有层间通道的聚氨酯膜，用于分离含油污水。为了增强其亲水性，将亲水性二氧化硅颗粒接枝到纤维表面，形成粗糙的表面。这是通过用氧等离子体处理膜以产生活性位点，然后将其与 3-氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷偶联，然后将膜添加到原硅酸四乙酯的水解溶液中来完成的。所得膜具有23.3°的低水接触角和优异的水下疏油性，对于不同类型的水下油接触角（范围为155.9°至159.7°）和水下油滑角（范围为4.0°至4.6°）油。此外，制备的膜具有良好的水分蒸发速率（4.2 g/h）和吸水能力（273%）。该产品还具有耐油、水中自清洁的特点，可在重力作用下高效分离水包油乳液，初始分离通量为2864 L/m ² /h。乳液循环分离过程中，膜的保油率大于99.0%，膜的最终分离通量保持在25L/m ² /h。