Abstract

Synergizing air pollution control and carbon emission reduction has been widely proposed and highlighted. Evaluating the synergy of air pollution and carbon emissions has been the primary concern and essential support for synergistic control. Current research and works have attempted to assess synergy from multiple perspectives, but the informativeness and comprehensiveness of the synergy of air pollution and carbon emissions have been limited. This study develops a framework evaluating the synergy of PM_2.5, ozone, and CO₂ emission from the correlation and aggregate perspectives based on the large-scale and deep exploitation of the correlation and additivity of the data samples. A case study on the monthly synergy of air pollution and CO₂ emission has been performed in major Chinese urban agglomerations at the city level. The results informatively present the seasonal and city-level characteristics and heterogeneity of synergy for PM_2.5-ozone-CO₂ while providing partitioned and classified recommendations for synergistic control. A comprehensive synergy typology of synergy, bare, aggregate, and correlation for air pollution and CO₂ emission provides a reference for planning short-period synergistic control strategies.