Metal-ion batteries, particularly lithium-ion (Li-ion) and sodium-ion (Na-ion) batteries, are currently among the most compelling technologies for energy storage. However, the growing demands driven by wide implementation of batteries in multiple applications call for further improvements of energy and power densities. Despite the incredible developments in this field observed over the past decades, the innovation of new active materials for metal-ion batteries has seen only modest progress, with primary focus on the optimization of already existing materials. The recent discovery of cathode materials with antiperovskite structure signals a promising direction for the creation of relatively simple materials geared towards electrochemical energy storage. These materials can be synthesized through relatively simple chemical processes using abundant elements and could offer stable electrochemical performance. Even though the number of reported examples is still limited, the structural flexibility of these materials offers multiple possibilities for tuning the chemical stability, operating voltage and capacity. This perspective provides a summary of the latest advancements in the field of antiperovskite active materials, highlighting both the advantages and the challenges associated with their integration into metal-ion batteries, and suggests possible future research directions towards practical implementation of this promising yet underexplored class of materials.

中文翻译：

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用于金属离子电池的反钙钛矿活性材料：预期优势、局限性和前景

金属离子电池，特别是锂离子（Li-ion）和钠离子（Na-ion）电池，是目前最引人注目的储能技术之一。然而，电池在多种应用中的广泛应用所推动的不断增长的需求需要进一步提高能量和功率密度。尽管过去几十年来该领域取得了令人难以置信的发展，但用于金属离子电池的新型活性材料的创新进展甚微，主要集中在现有材料的优化上。最近发现的具有反钙钛矿结构的阴极材料，标志着创建用于电化学储能的相对简单材料的一个有希望的方向。这些材料可以使用丰富的元素通过相对简单的化学过程合成，并且可以提供稳定的电化学性能。尽管报道的例子数量仍然有限，但这些材料的结构灵活性为调节化学稳定性、工作电压和容量提供了多种可能性。该观点总结了反钙钛矿活性材料领域的最新进展，强调了将其集成到金属离子电池中的优势和挑战，并提出了未来可能的研究方向，以实际实施这一有前景但尚未充分探索的类别。材料。