An important development in decarbonising energy consumption is the installation of shared rooftop photovoltaics on multiapartment buildings. It is widely agreed that the distribution of this relatively cheap electricity should be “fair” to all the users, and simultaneously maximise local use, to reduce global CO2 emissions and local electricity grid load. Most technical studies model or investigate distribution patterns on this basis, but without critical reflection on the energy justice issues that arise in sharing a common electricity source. This study brings together two distinct disciplines to move this discussion forward: technical issues in distributing shared photovoltaic output; and philosophical issues of energy justice. It sets this within Bhaskar's philosophy of interdisciplinary science which shows why narrow, highly specialist disciplines are necessary and why their findings must be brought together to inform us about the actual world we live in. On the technical side, the study models an apparently fair distribution pattern for a shared photovoltaic system in a case study multiapartment building in Germany. It then interrogates the outcome in terms of four different strands of energy justice philosophy: Rawlsian, Wittgensteinian, pragmatic, and “theological” (stemming from the environmental justice movement). It finds that Rawlsian concepts provide a basis for a just sharing pattern but with serious anomalies, while Wittgensteinian, pragmatic, and theological energy justice concepts provide avenues for these anomalies to be mitigated. This comprehensive cluster of energy justice approaches is therefore very useful alongside technical expertise, in the ongoing development of shared rooftop photovoltaics in multiapartment buildings.

中文翻译：

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重新思考能源正义，以实现德国典型多层公寓楼屋顶光伏共享电力的公平分配：跨学科方法

能源消耗脱碳的一个重要进展是在多公寓建筑上安装共享屋顶光伏发电。人们普遍认为，这种相对便宜的电力的分配应该对所有用户“公平”，同时最大限度地提高当地使用率，以减少全球二氧化碳排放和当地电网负荷。大多数技术研究都在此基础上建模或调查分配模式，但没有对共享公共电源所出现的能源正义问题进行批判性反思。这项研究汇集了两个不同的学科来推动这一讨论：分配共享光伏输出的技术问题；以及能源正义的哲学问题。它将这一点置于巴斯卡的跨学科科学哲学中，该哲学表明了为什么狭窄的、高度专业化的学科是必要的，以及为什么必须将它们的发现汇总在一起，以告诉我们我们生活的现实世界。在技术方面，该研究模拟了一个明显公平的分布德国多公寓楼案例研究中的共享光伏系统模式。然后，它根据能源正义哲学的四种不同流派来质疑结果：罗尔斯主义、维特根斯坦主义、实用主义和“神学”（源于环境正义运动）。研究发现，罗尔斯主义的概念为公正的共享模式提供了基础，但存在严重的异常现象，而维特根斯坦主义的、实用主义的和神学的能量正义概念则为缓解这些异常现象提供了途径。因此，在多公寓建筑共享屋顶光伏发电的持续开发中，这一综合性的能源正义方法与技术专业知识一起非常有用。