The temperature inside the sheep barn has a significant effect on sheep growth; therefore, providing a suitable thermal environment for the barn is essential. Considering the uneven heating problem of existing heating equipment in livestock barns, we designed an air-duct heating equipment using electricity to ensure a comfortable temperature for sheep with a suitable airflow rate. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method was used to simulate the temperature and velocity fields inside the sheep barn, check the heating effectiveness, and ensure uniformity. To determine the optimal opening direction and size of the heating equipment, simulation tests with various opening directions and sizes were conducted using the flow velocity and uniformity of the flow field as the key factors. The CFD simulation results showed that for the investigated sheep barn, a downward opening with diameter of 60 mm was the most effective for heating. Finally, in winter, a heating test was conducted during the decreasing, stable, and increasing periods of outdoor temperatures to verify the heating effectiveness in the experimental sheep barn. During the decreasing and stable periods of outdoor temperature, the indoor temperatures increased by 2 and 5 ℃, respectively, in 70 min. Conversely in the increasing period of outdoor temperature, the temperature inside the barn increased by 11 ℃ and continued to rise. Our results showed that the expected heating effect of sheep barns was achieved, which can provide a reference for the environmental regulation of livestock barns.

中文翻译：

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羊舍电风管供暖设备计算流体力学仿真与实验

羊舍内的温度对羊的生长影响显着；因此，为牛舍提供合适的热环境至关重要。针对畜舍现有供暖设备加热不均匀的问题，我们设计了一种用电的风道供暖设备，以合适的风量保证羊的舒适温度。采用计算流体动力学（CFD）方法模拟羊舍内的温度场和速度场，检查加热效果并确保均匀性。为了确定加热设备的最佳开口方向和尺寸，以流速和流场均匀度为关键因素，进行了不同开口方向和尺寸的模拟试验。 CFD模拟结果表明，对于所研究的羊舍，直径为60毫米的向下开口加热最有效。最后，在冬季，对室外气温下降、稳定和上升阶段进行供暖试验，验证实验羊舍的供暖效果。室外温度下降期和稳定期，70 min内室内温度分别升高2℃和5℃。相反，在室外气温升高的时期，牛舍内的温度却增加了11℃，并持续上升。研究结果表明，羊舍达到了预期的供暖效果，可为畜牧舍环境监管提供参考。