This research focuses on the importance of understanding bone adaptation for gaining insights into diseases such as osteoporosis. The study investigates the role of fluid flow in cortical bone adaptation, with a specific focus on the network of osteocyte canaliculi and the chemical reactions involved in bone resorption. Prior studies have implemented methods such as poroelasticity theory and dual porosity, but these models did not account for mass exchange between the solid and fluid phases within the bone or the pressure exerted by arteries. The movement of interstitial fluid between the vascular porosity and lacuno-canalicular porosity in cortical bone, as well as the velocity of the fluid, are affected by both the pressure exerted by arteries and the exchange of mass between the solid and fluid components of the bone. To incorporate these effects in the model, the authors propose a dual porosity model based on the theory of porous media. The model considers the transfer of mass between vascular and lacunar-canalicular porosities, as well as between solid and fluid phases, while also accounting for blood pressure variations. To verify the proposed model, a numerical example is solved and compared with the results of previous studies. The model enables the measurement and analysis of the interstitial fluid velocity and the pressure in the respective porosities. The results reveal that accounting for blood pressure pulses and mass exchange between solid and fluid phases can alter the velocity and pressure fields of interstitial fluid within cortical bone. In addition, this study investigates transient examples and various scenarios of the bone remodeling. Overall, this research provides a more accurate understanding of the bone remodeling and the effects of blood pressure variation and mass exchange between solid and fluid phases of cortical bone.

中文翻译：

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皮质骨孔隙中的间质液输送：使用多孔介质理论对血压和质量交换的影响

这项研究的重点是了解骨骼适应对于深入了解骨质疏松症等疾病的重要性。该研究调查了流体流动在皮质骨适应中的作用，特别关注骨细胞小管网络和骨吸收中涉及的化学反应。先前的研究已经采用了孔隙弹性理论和双孔隙率等方法，但这些模型没有考虑骨内固相和液相之间的质量交换或动脉施加的压力。皮质骨中血管孔隙和腔隙小管孔隙之间的间质液的运动以及流体的速度受到动脉施加的压力以及骨的固体和液体成分之间的质量交换的影响。为了将这些效应纳入模型中，作者提出了基于多孔介质理论的双孔隙率模型。该模型考虑了血管和腔隙小管孔隙之间以及固相和液相之间的质量转移，同时还考虑了血压变化。为了验证所提出的模型，求解了一个数值例子并与以前的研究结果进行了比较。该模型能够测量和分析各个孔隙中的间隙流体速度和压力。结果表明，考虑血压脉冲以及固相和液相之间的质量交换可以改变皮质骨内间质液的速度和压力场。此外，这项研究还调查了骨重塑的瞬时例子和各种场景。总的来说，这项研究提供了对骨重塑、血压变化以及皮质骨固相和液相之间质量交换的影响的更准确的理解。