Sexual violence is framed along a continuum that includes (but is not limited to) sexual harassment and sexual assault. While a few studies have evaluated students’ predispositions and orientations around engaging in bystander intervention (BI) to prevent sexual assault, little has been done for preventing sexual harassment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate theory-based differences in college students’ willingness to engage in BI for preventing either sexual assault or sexual harassment. Students were surveyed at two time points. At T1, intentions, attitudes, perceived norms, and perceived behavioral control (PBC) for BI to prevent sexual assault were evaluated, and the same variables were evaluated at T2 for sexual harassment. Independent t-tests evaluated differences between groups. Linear regression analyses were used to evaluate determinants of intentions for BI for both groups. Students’ attitudes toward BI/sexual assault were significantly higher than students’ attitudes toward BI/sexual harassment ( p = .019; d = .22). Conversely, students’ PBC toward BI/sexual harassment was significantly higher than students’ PBC for BI/sexual assault ( p ≤.001; d = .49). Attitudes ( p < .001) and PBC ( p < .001) explained 45.9% of the variance of intentions for BI/sexual assault, while perceived norms ( p < .001) and attitudes ( p < .001) explained 28.4% of the variance of intentions for BI/sexual harassment. Sexual violence, encompassing both sexual assault and sexual harassment, is a pervasive issue on college campuses. More attention should be focused on preventing sexual harassment, as it can create a downstream effect. Furthermore, specific BI practices should be investigated to understand which are more effective at preventing sexual harassment and sexual assault.

中文翻译：

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预防连续体中的性暴力：大学生旁观者干预参与度的差异

性暴力是一个连续体，包括（但不限于）性骚扰和性侵犯。虽然一些研究评估了学生参与旁观者干预（BI）以防止性侵犯的倾向和倾向，但在防止性骚扰方面却做得很少。本研究的目的是评估大学生参与 BI 预防性侵犯或性骚扰意愿的理论差异。学生在两个时间点接受调查。在T1，评估BI预防性侵犯的意图、态度、感知规范和感知行为控制（PBC），并在T2评估性骚扰的相同变量。独立 t 检验评估组间差异。线性回归分析用于评估两组 BI 意图的决定因素。学生对 BI/性侵犯的态度显着高于学生对 BI/性骚扰的态度 (p = .019; d = .22)。相反，学生对 BI/性骚扰的 PBC 显着高于学生对 BI/性侵犯的 PBC (p ≤.001；d = .49)。态度 (p < .001) 和 PBC (p < .001) 解释了 BI/性侵犯意图差异的 45.9%，而感知规范 (p < .001) 和态度 (p < .001) 解释了 28.4% 的 BI/性侵犯意图差异。 BI/性骚扰意图的差异。性暴力，包括性侵犯和性骚扰，是大学校园中普遍存在的问题。应更多地关注预防性骚扰，因为它会产生下游影响。此外，应调查具体的商业智能做法，以了解哪些做法可以更有效地防止性骚扰和性侵犯。