Abstract

Vulcano, one of the most touristic islands in the Aeolian archipelago (Sicily, Italy), has been the site of significant volcanic unrest started in 2021, which is still ongoing. Fortunately, the crisis peak occurred in winter, so the direct consequences on the population were moderate. However, the socio-psychological impact was relevant as people had recently emerged from the Covid pandemic.

Since the most recent eruption occurred in 1888–1890, Vulcano has been characterized by fumarolic activity at the crater and diffuse degassing from the ground in the surrounding areas, contributing to a perception of low risk by the inhabitants. For this reason, it has been difficult for civil protection authorities at different territorial levels to implement risk mitigation measures on the island. The Italian Civil Protection Department together with the other administrations involved managed the volcanic unrest on the island through a series of actions that are described in this data report, facing complex challenges, such as the gas hazard management in populated areas, and experimenting with new methodologies that can be exported to similar contexts in the future.

中文翻译：

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2021-2023 年武尔卡诺（伊奥利亚群岛）动乱期间的应急管理和降低风险措施

摘要

武尔卡诺岛是伊奥利亚群岛（意大利西西里岛）最受欢迎的旅游岛屿之一，自 2021 年开始发生严重火山活动，目前仍在持续。幸运的是，危机高峰发生在冬季，因此对人口的直接影响并不大。然而，社会心理影响是相关的，因为人们最近刚刚摆脱了新冠疫情的影响。

自最近一次喷发发生在 1888 年至 1890 年以来，武尔卡诺火山的特点是火山口的喷气孔活动以及周围地区地面的弥漫性排气，导致居民认为火山风险较低。因此，各级民防部门很难在岛上实施风险缓解措施。意大利民防部门与其他相关部门通过本数据报告中描述的一系列行动来管理岛上的火山骚乱，面临复杂的挑战，例如人口稠密地区的气体危害管理，并尝试新的方法将来可以导出到类似的环境中。