Smart biosensors attract significant interest due to real-time monitoring of user health status, where bioanalytical electronic devices designed to detect various activities and biomarkers in the human body have potential applications in physical sign monitoring and health care. Bioelectronics can be well integrated by output signals with wireless communication modules for transferring data to portable devices used as smart biosensors in performing real-time diagnosis and analysis. In this review, the scientific keys of biosensing devices and the current trends in the field of smart biosensors, (functional materials, technological approaches, sensing mechanisms, main roles, potential applications and challenges in health monitoring) will be summarized. Recent advances in the design and manufacturing of bioanalytical sensors with smarter capabilities and enhanced reliability indicate a forthcoming expansion of these smart devices from laboratory to clinical analysis. Therefore, a general description of functional materials and technological approaches used in bioelectronics will be presented after the sections of scientific keys to bioanalytical sensors. A careful introduction to the established systems of smart monitoring and prediction analysis using bioelectronics, regarding the integration of machine-learning-based basic algorithms, will be discussed. Afterward, applications and challenges in development using these smart bioelectronics in biological, clinical, and medical diagnostics will also be analyzed. Finally, the review will conclude with outlooks of smart biosensing devices assisted by machine learning algorithms, wireless communications, or smartphone-based systems on current trends and challenges for future works in wearable health monitoring.

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具有智能健康监测系统的生物分析传感器的最新趋势：从材料到应用

智能生物传感器由于可以实时监测用户的健康状况而引起了人们的极大兴趣，其中旨在检测人体内各种活动和生物标志物的生物分析电子设备在身体体征监测和医疗保健方面具有潜在的应用。生物电子学可以通过输出信号与无线通信模块很好地集成，将数据传输到用作智能生物传感器的便携式设备，以进行实时诊断和分析。本文将总结生物传感器件的科学关键以及智能生物传感器领域的当前趋势（功能材料、技术方法、传感机制、主要作用、在健康监测中的潜在应用和挑战）。具有更智能功能和增强可靠性的生物分析传感器的设计和制造的最新进展表明这些智能设备即将从实验室扩展到临床分析。因此，在生物分析传感器的科学要点部分之后将介绍生物电子学中使用的功能材料和技术方法的一般描述。将详细介绍已建立的生物电子学智能监测和预测分析系统，以及基于机器学习的基本算法的集成。随后，还将分析这些智能生物电子学在生物、临床和医学诊断中的应用和开发挑战。最后，本次综述将对机器学习算法、无线通信或基于智能手机的系统辅助的智能生物传感设备进行展望，并展望可穿戴健康监测领域的当前趋势和未来工作的挑战。