Frequent detection of sulfonamides (SAs) pharmaceuticals in wastewater has necessitated the discovery of suitable technology for their sustainable remediation. Adsorption has been widely investigated due to its effectiveness, simplicity, and availability of various adsorbent materials from natural and artificial sources. This review highlighted the potentials of carbon-based adsorbents derived from agricultural wastes such as lignocellulose, biochar, activated carbon, carbon nanotubes graphene materials as well as organic polymers such as chitosan, molecularly imprinted polymers, metal, and covalent frameworks for SAs removal from wastewater. The promising features of these materials including higher porosity, rich carbon-content, robustness, good stability as well as ease of modification have been emphasized. Thus, the materials have demonstrated excellent performance towards the SAs removal, attributed to their porous nature that provided sufficient active sites for the adsorption of SAs molecules. The modification of physico-chemical features of the materials have been discussed as efficient means for enhancing their adsorption and reusable performance. The article also proposed various interactive mechanisms for the SAs adsorption. Lastly, the prospects and challenges have been highlighted to expand the knowledge gap on the application of the materials for the sustainable removal of the SAs.

废水中磺胺类 (SA) 药物的频繁检测需要找到合适的技术来对其进行可持续修复。由于吸附的有效性、简单性以及天然和人工来源的各种吸附材料的可用性，吸附已被广泛研究。本综述强调了源自农业废物的碳基吸附剂在去除废水中 SA 方面的潜力，例如木质纤维素、生物炭、活性炭、碳纳米管石墨烯材料以及有机聚合物（例如壳聚糖、分子印迹聚合物、金属和共价框架） 。这些材料的前景特点包括更高的孔隙率、丰富的碳含量、坚固性、良好的稳定性以及易于改性。因此，这些材料在去除 SAs 方面表现出了优异的性能，这归因于它们的多孔性质为 SAs 分子的吸附提供了足够的活性位点。人们已经讨论了材料物理化学特性的改性作为增强其吸附和可重复使用性能的有效手段。该文章还提出了 SAs 吸附的各种相互作用机制。最后，强调了扩大可持续去除 SA 材料应用方面的知识差距的前景和挑战。