BackgroundPoly (ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have been increasingly used in the treatment of ovarian cancer, with BRCA positivity and homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) being common biomarkers used for predicting their efficacy. However, given the limitations of these biomarkers, new ones need to be explored.MethodsThis retrospective study included 181 ovarian cancer patients who received olaparib or niraparib at two independent hospitals in Japan between May 2018 and December 2022. Clinical information and blood sampling data were collected. Patient characteristics, treatment history, and predictability of treatment duration based on blood data before treatment initiation were examined.ResultsHigh‐grade serous carcinoma, BRCA positivity, HRD, and maintenance therapy after recurrence treatment were observed more frequently in the olaparib group than in the niraparib group. The most common reasons for treatment interruption were anemia, fatigue, and nausea in the olaparib group and thrombocytopenia in the niraparib group. Regarding response to olaparib treatment, complete response to the most recent treatment, maintenance therapy after the first chemotherapy, high‐grade serous carcinoma, and germline BRCA positivity were observed significantly more frequently among responders than among non‐responders. Furthermore, neutrophil counts were significantly higher among responders than among non‐responders.ConclusionsInflammation‐related blood data, such as neutrophil count, obtained at the initial pre‐treatment visit might serve as potential predictors for prolonged olaparib treatment. While this study offers valuable insights into potential indicators for prolonged olaparib treatment, it underscores the need for more expansive research to strengthen our understanding of PARP inhibitors and optimize treatment strategies in ovarian cancer.

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日本卵巢癌患者聚（ADP-核糖）聚合酶抑制剂反应的真实世界数据

背景聚（ADP-核糖）聚合酶（PARP）抑制剂已越来越多地用于卵巢癌的治疗，乳腺癌阳性和同源重组缺陷（HRD）是用于预测其功效的常见生物标志物。然而，鉴于这些生物标志物的局限性，需要探索新的生物标志物。方法这项回顾性研究纳入了2018年5月至2022年12月期间在日本两家独立医院接受奥拉帕尼或尼拉帕尼治疗的181名卵巢癌患者，收集临床信息和血液采样数据。检查了患者特征、治疗史以及根据治疗开始前的血液数据对治疗持续时间的预测。结果高级别浆液性癌、乳腺癌奥拉帕尼组比尼拉帕尼组更频繁地观察到复发性治疗后的阳性、HRD 和维持治疗。奥拉帕尼组最常见的治疗中断原因是贫血、疲劳和恶心，尼拉帕尼组最常见的原因是血小板减少。关于奥拉帕尼治疗的反应、对最近治疗的完全反应、第一次化疗后的维持治疗、高级别浆液性癌和生殖系乳腺癌在有反应者中观察到阳性的频率明显高于无反应者。此外，应答者中的中性粒细胞计数显着高于无应答者。结论在初次治疗前就诊时获得的炎症相关血液数据，例如中性粒细胞计数，可能可以作为长期奥拉帕尼治疗的潜在预测因素。虽然这项研究为延长奥拉帕尼治疗的潜在指标提供了宝贵的见解，但它强调需要进行更广泛的研究，以加强我们对 PARP 抑制剂的了解并优化卵巢癌的治疗策略。