Purpose of the Review

Fungal sensitizations have been associated with hypersensitivity reactions with variable levels of evidence available to link types of fungi with human disease. We conducted systematic reviews of the literature to identify the strength of evidence linking lesser-studied fungi for which there are commercially available extracts to identify populations in which they were useful in clinical practice.

Recent Findings

Excluding five fungi for which hundreds of articles were identified, there are 54 articles on the remaining fungi with clinical data. For 12 of the fungi, the prevalence of fungal sensitization varies in different hypersensitivity disorders due to factors related to geographic areas, age, and other underlying medical conditions. There were no studies linking seven genera to human disease.

Summary

Most of the commercially available fungal extracts are uncommonly associated with hypersensitivity reactions in humans. Specific extracts may be useful in particular disease states such as allergic fungal sinusitis or allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis, or when routine testing fails to identify a cause of uncontrolled disease, such as in asthma.

中文翻译：

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真菌致敏与人类过敏性疾病

审查的目的

真菌致敏与超敏反应有关，有不同程度的证据可将真菌类型与人类疾病联系起来。我们对文献进行了系统回顾，以确定证据的强度，将研究较少的真菌联系起来，这些真菌有市售提取物，以确定它们在临床实践中有用的群体。

最近的发现

除去已鉴定出数百篇文章的五种真菌外，其余真菌的文章有 54 篇，其中包含临床数据。对于 12 种真菌，由于与地理区域、年龄和其他潜在医疗状况相关的因素，不同过敏性疾病中真菌致敏的患病率有所不同。没有研究将七个属与人类疾病联系起来。

概括

大多数市售真菌提取物与人类过敏反应的关系并不常见。特定的提取物可能对特定的疾病状态有用，例如过敏性真菌性鼻窦炎或过敏性支气管肺真菌病，或者当常规测试无法确定不受控制的疾病（例如哮喘）的原因时。