Agriculture has long struggled to reconcile production with biodiversity conservation. Industrial farming practices that erode structural complexity within crop fields and across entire landscapes, as well as widespread pesticide use, have resulted in declining insect abundance and diversity globally. Recognition of socio-environmental consequences have spurred alternative pest management paradigms such as integrated pest management (IPM) and conservation biological control (CBC), which emphasize ecology as the scientific foundation for a sustainable agriculture. However, adoption of these approaches at scales large enough to impact biodiversity has been slow, particularly in industrialized countries. Landscape-scale management is an integral component of ecological agriculture, making pest control and biodiversity conservation collective problems that require coordination among multiple stakeholders. The extent to which farmers recognize and act upon this perspective is not well studied. Through literature synthesis and a case study of Southern Wisconsin, I analyze factors shaping farmer adoption of insect and landscape management practices through the lens of constrained choice. I argue that multiple overlapping institutions (social networks, market forces, science and technology, and political-legal systems) co-produce farmer behaviors and landscape structure, largely to the detriment of ecological pest control and biodiversity. Wisconsin farmers' entomological concerns largely overlook beneficial insect species and eschew landscape thinking. Ultimately, slowing agricultural drivers of insect biodiversity declines will likely require large-scale coordination and political-economic change.

农业长期以来一直在努力协调生产与生物多样性保护。工业化农业实践侵蚀了农田和整个景观的结构复杂性，以及农药的广泛使用，导致全球昆虫丰度和多样性下降。对社会环境后果的认识催生了替代性害虫管理范式，例如害虫综合管理（IPM）和保护性生物防治（CBC），这些范式强调生态学作为可持续农业的科学基础。然而，大规模采用这些方法以影响生物多样性的进程却进展缓慢，特别是在工业化国家。景观规模管理是生态农业的一个组成部分，使得病虫害防治和生物多样性保护成为集体问题，需要多个利益相关者之间的协调。农民在多大程度上认识到这一观点并采取行动尚未得到充分研究。通过文献综合和威斯康星州南部的案例研究，我从受限选择的角度分析了影响农民采用昆虫和景观管理实践的因素。我认为，多个重叠的机构（社会网络、市场力量、科学技术和政治法律体系）共同产生了农民行为和景观结构，很大程度上损害了生态害虫控制和生物多样性。威斯康星州农民对昆虫学的关注在很大程度上忽视了有益的昆虫物种并回避了景观思维。最终，减缓昆虫生物多样性下降的农业驱动因素可能需要大规模的协调和政治经济变革。