Ownership structure and firm performance are the two important ingredients for a firm to sustain in the market for a prolonged time. Ample research has statistically proven the significant impact of ownership structure on firm performance. Ergo, this study aims to critically review and analyse the mechanisms of ownership structure (OS) and their impact on the firm performance (FP) with the help of content analysis and systematic literature review (SLR). This study used the combined literature from Scopus and Web of Science databases from 1977 to 2022. A total of 552 relevant documents have been extracted, out of which 40 documents were found suitable based on inclusion and exclusion criteria using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) framework of SLR has been applied using R studio software. Major findings of the study revealed that ownership concentration was found significant in affecting firm performance. However, other mechanisms such as managerial ownership, government ownership, institutional ownership, foreign ownership and family ownership showed mixed results such as positive, negative or insignificant. This study on the one side contributes to the existing literature and also helps the policymakers in maximising the performance of the firm by suggesting ways to reduce conflicts of interest between managers and shareholders and will also be significant to the practitioners, scholars and managers in comprehending dynamics of corporate governance practices. Further, it will help investors give special consideration to a particular type of ownership structure while making investment decisions.

股权结构和企业绩效是企业在市场上长期生存的两个重要因素。大量研究已经从统计上证明了所有权结构对公司绩效的显着影响。因此，本研究旨在借助内容分析和系统文献综述（SLR），批判性地回顾和分析所有权结构（OS）的机制及其对公司绩效（FP）的影响。本研究使用了 1977 年至 2022 年 Scopus 和 Web of Science 数据库的合并文献。总共提取了 552 篇相关文献，其中 40 篇文献根据系统评价首选报告项目的纳入和排除标准被认为是合适的使用R studio软件应用了SLR的Meta分析（PRISMA）框架。该研究的主要结果表明，所有权集中度对公司绩效有显着影响。然而，其他机制，如管理层持股、政府持股、机构持股、外资持股和家族持股，则表现出积极、消极或不显着等好坏参半的结果。这项研究一方面对现有文献做出了贡献，也通过提出减少管理者和股东之间利益冲突的方法来帮助政策制定者最大化公司绩效，并且对于从业者、学者和管理者理解动态也具有重要意义。公司治理实践。此外，它将帮助投资者在做出投资决策时特别考虑特定类型的所有权结构。