When utilizing the Gerchberg–Saxton (GS) algorithm to design diffractive optical elements, correction coefficients are introduced to improve the quality of the design results. The main design idea is to correct the target information dynamically during the iterative calculation process. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated through the verification of beam shaping and phase-type hologram designs. Compared to the traditional GS algorithm, the results of beam shaping show that the light intensity nonuniformity and the root-mean-square error (RMSE) of the shaped spot are reduced by an order of magnitude. The results of phase-type holograms show that the reconstructed image’s peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) is improved by about 12 dB. Finally, the paper also discusses the selection of correction coefficients, providing insights into the selection of optimal design correction coefficients. The simulation and experimental results show that the improved algorithm proposed in this paper is not only simple in design but also highly efficient in obtaining a high-quality phase structure, which is of great help in designing high-quality diffractive optical elements.

中文翻译：

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用于设计衍射光学元件的动态迭代校正算法

在利用Gerchberg-Saxton（GS）算法设计衍射光学元件时，引入校正系数以提高设计结果的质量。主要设计思想是在迭代计算过程中动态修正目标信息。通过光束整形和相位型全息图设计的验证证明了该方法的有效性。与传统GS算法相比，光束整形结果表明，整形光斑的光强不均匀性和均方根误差（RMSE）降低了一个数量级。相位型全息图的结果表明，重建图像的峰值信噪比（PSNR）提高了约12 dB。最后，本文还讨论了校正系数的选择，为优化设计校正系数的选择提供了见解。仿真和实验结果表明，本文提出的改进算法不仅设计简单，而且能够高效地获得高质量的相位结构，对设计高质量的衍射光学元件有很大帮助。