This paper offers an exhaustive comparison of quantitative PCR (qPCR) and digital PCR (dPCR) technologies, focusing on their critical roles in molecular diagnostics, ranging from pathogen detection, and cancer screening to environment monitoring. The manuscript outlines the foundational theories behind both technologies and scrutinizes their capabilities, advances, and limits. It deeply investigates the primary factors based on the sample's nature, sample preparation strategies, and employing key parameters like reliability, accuracy, and specificity, thus critically evaluating the merits and demerits of each technology. It also proposes the avenues of research and development that impact both technologies. The paper concludes that the choice between qPCR and dPCR depends on factors such as the nature of the sample, the purpose of the study, and practical considerations like cost and operational ease. Our overarching goal is to furnish a guide that aids researchers in selecting the optimal PCR-based technique for their assay development.

中文翻译：

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定量 PCR 还是数字 PCR？为生物传感应用选择最佳方案的比较分析

本文对定量 PCR (qPCR) 和数字 PCR (dPCR) 技术进行了详尽的比较，重点关注它们在分子诊断（从病原体检测、癌症筛查到环境监测）中的关键作用。该手稿概述了这两种技术背后的基础理论，并仔细研究了它们的能力、进步和局限性。它根据样品的性质、样品制备策略，并采用可靠性、准确性和特异性等关键参数，深入研究主要因素，从而批判性地评估每种技术的优缺点。它还提出了影响这两种技术的研究和开发途径。该论文的结论是，qPCR 和 dPCR 之间的选择取决于样本性质、研究目的以及成本和操作难易程度等实际考虑因素等因素。我们的首要目标是提供指南，帮助研究人员为他们的检测开发选择最佳的基于 PCR 的技术。