The physics of notations (PoN) is a framework for designing cognitively effective notations. Cognitive effectiveness refers to the ease (speed and accuracy) by which model readers read models. In 2019, a PoN-Enabled notation for use case diagrams was proposed. It has been empirically proven that the cognitive effectiveness of this new notation is superior to the original use case notation. The new notation however relies in part on the use of color. The accessibility of this new design has not been validated for use by the colorblind community, or any users who need to use a grayscale version of the models created. The PoN framework was not designed to explicitly account for the colorblind community or users who can only access grayscale versions of models. Inclusivity should not be an afterthought in software engineering practice or research. To this end, this paper empirically evaluates the cognitive effectiveness of the PoN-enabled use case notation in situations where it is viewed in grayscale.

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关于启用 PoN 的用例符号的灰度版本的可访问性

符号物理 (PoN) 是设计认知有效符号的框架。认知有效性是指模型读者阅读模型的难易程度（速度和准确性）。 2019 年，提出了用例图的 PoN-Enabled 表示法。经验证明，这种新符号的认知有效性优于原始用例符号。然而，新的表示法部分依赖于颜色的使用。这种新设计的可访问性尚未经过色盲社区或任何需要使用所创建模型的灰度版本的用户的使用验证。 PoN 框架的设计目的并不是明确考虑色盲社区或只能访问模型灰度版本的用户。在软件工程实践或研究中，包容性不应该是事后才想到的。为此，本文实证评估了支持 PoN 的用例符号在灰度查看情况下的认知有效性。