Abstract

Allelopathy is a natural phenomenon of competing and interfering with other plants or microbial growth by synthesizing and releasing the bioactive compounds of plant or microbial origin known as allelochemicals. This is a sub-discipline of chemical ecology concerned with the effects of bioactive compounds produced by plants or microorganisms on the growth, development and distribution of other plants and microorganisms in natural communities or agricultural systems. Allelochemicals have a direct or indirect harmful effect on one plant by others, especially on the development, survivability, growth, and reproduction of species through the production of chemical inhibitors released into the environment. Cultivation systems that take advantage of allelopathic plants’ stimulatory/inhibitory effects on plant growth and development while avoiding allelopathic autotoxicity is critical for long-term agricultural development. Allelopathy is one element that defines plant relationships and is involved in weed management, crop protection, and microbial contact. Besides, the allelopathic phenomenon has also been reported in the forest ecosystem; however, its presence depends on the forest type and the surrounding environment. In the present article, major aspects addressed are (1) literature review on the impacts of allelopathy in agroecosystems and underpinning the research gaps, (2) chemical, physiological, and ecological mechanisms of allelopathy, (3) genetic manipulations, plant defense, economic benefits, fate, prospects and challenges of allelopathy. The literature search and consolidation efforts in this article shall pave the way for future research on the potential application of allelopathic interactions across various ecosystems.

中文翻译：

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从生理和分子角度了解不断变化的环境条件下对农业生态系统的化感作用

摘要

化感作用是通过合成和释放植物或微生物来源的生物活性化合物（称为化感化学物质）来竞争和干扰其他植物或微生物生长的自然现象。这是化学生态学的一个分支学科，研究植物或微生物产生的生物活性化合物对自然群落或农业系统中其他植物和微生物的生长、发育和分布的影响。化感物质对一种植物对另一种植物有直接或间接的有害影响，特别是通过释放到环境中的化学抑制剂对物种的发育、生存、生长和繁殖产生直接或间接的有害影响。利用化感植物对植物生长和发育的刺激/抑制作用，同时避免化感自毒的栽培系统对于长期农业发展至关重要。化感作用是定义植物关系的要素之一，涉及杂草管理、作物保护和微生物接触。此外，森林生态系统中也有化感作用现象的报道；然而，它的存在取决于森林类型和周围环境。在本文中，主要涉及以下方面：(1) 关于化感作用对农业生态系统影响的文献综述并弥补研究空白​​，(2) 化感作用的化学、生理和生态机制，(3) 遗传操作、植物防御、经济化感作用的好处、命运、前景和挑战。本文的文献检索和整理工作将为未来研究跨不同生态系统的化感相互作用的潜在应用铺平道路。