This study developed a biocompatible nanocomposite using cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), polyethylene glycol (PEG), and sodium hydroxide (NaOH), combined with gadolinium oxide nanoparticles (GdO-NPs) through gamma radiation to decrease the size of nanoparticles and increase their uniformity. This research found that the (CNCs-PEG/NaOH)/GdO nanocomposite exhibits notable characteristics, including high saturation magnetization (1.44 emu/g), remarkable colloidal stability with a highly negative surface charge of −31.4 mV, and a small hydrodynamic size of 5.5 ± 0.7 nm. Furthermore, the MTT assay conducted on HeLa cell lines revealed the excellent biocompatibility of the (CNCs-PEG/NaOH)/GdO nanocomposite. No cytotoxic effects were observed, and the nanocomposite exhibited adequate cellular uptake. Moreover, the (CNCs-PEG/NaOH)/GdO nanocomposite displayed a remarkable enhancement effect on both T and T-weighted images, with high r and r relaxivity values of 21.694 mM s and 43.799 mM s, respectively, resulting in a relaxivity ratio (r/r) of 2.02 when compared to clinical and commercial agents. This biocompatible nanocomposite holds promise as a dual contrast agent in MRI and various other biomedical applications. It is envisaged that gamma irradiation is a good method to produce nanoparticles within the nanoscale range.

中文翻译：

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纤维素纳米晶/Gd2O3 纳米复合材料的合成和表征，作为伽马射线照射 MRI 双模式造影剂

这项研究开发了一种生物相容性纳米复合材料，使用纤维素纳米晶体（CNC）、聚乙二醇（PEG）和氢氧化钠（NaOH），并通过伽马辐射与氧化钆纳米颗粒（GdO-NP）结合，以减小纳米颗粒的尺寸并提高其均匀性。这项研究发现(CNCs-PEG/NaOH)/GdO纳米复合材料表现出显着的特性，包括高饱和磁化强度(1.44 emu/g)、显着的胶体稳定性、高负表面电荷(-31.4 mV)和较小的流体动力学尺寸。 5.5±0.7纳米。此外，对 HeLa 细胞系进行的 MTT 测定表明 (CNCs-PEG/NaOH)/GdO 纳米复合材料具有优异的生物相容性。没有观察到细胞毒性作用，并且纳米复合材料表现出足够的细胞摄取。此外，(CNCs-PEG/NaOH)/GdO纳米复合材料对T加权图像和T加权图像均表现出显着的增强效果，r和r弛豫率值分别高达21.694 mM s和43.799 mM s，从而产生弛豫比与临床和商业药物相比，(r/r) 为 2.02。这种生物相容性纳米复合材料有望作为 MRI 和各种其他生物医学应用中的双重造影剂。据设想，伽马辐射是生产纳米级范围内的纳米颗粒的好方法。