When integrating a dynamometer into a machining system, it is necessary to identify the dynamic relationship between the effective input forces and the measured output signals (i.e., its transmissibility) through dedicated experimental modal analysis. Subsequently, a filter can be derived and applied to reconstruct the effective input forces from the measured signals. Unfortunately this identification phase can be complex, posing challenges to the device’s applicability in both laboratory and industrial conditions. Here this challenge is addressed by introducing a novel dynamometer concept based on both load cells and accelerometers, along with a Universal Inverse Filter. Notably, this filter is independent of the dynamic behavior of the mechanical system where the device is installed. A single calibration suffices, ideally conducted by the device manufacturer or by an expert, allowing the dynamometer’s integration by a non-expert user into any machining system without the need for repeating the identification phase and the filter generation. Furthermore, this new concept offers another significant advantage: it attenuates all inertial disturbances affecting the measured signals, including those arising from the cutting process and those originating from exogenous sources such as spindle rotation, linear axes’ movements, and other vibrations propagating through the machine tool structure. To illustrate, a simplified model is introduced initially, followed by an overview of the novel dynamometer design, innovative identification phase, and filter construction algorithm. The outstanding performance of the novel (non-parametric) Universal Inverse Filter – about 5 kHz of usable frequency bandwidth along direct directions and 4.5 kHz along cross dir. – was experimentally assessed through modal analysis and actual cutting tests, compared against state of the art filters. The efficacy of the new filter, which is even simpler than its predecessors, was successfully demonstrated for both commercial and taylor-made dynamometers, thus showing its great versatility.

中文翻译：

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开发通用的、独立于机床的测功机，用于精确估算铣削中的切削力

将测功机集成到加工系统中时，需要通过专门的实验模态分析来确定有效输入力与测量的输出信号（即其传递率）之间的动态关系。随后，可以导出并应用滤波器来根据测量信号重建有效输入力。不幸的是，这个识别阶段可能很复杂，给设备在实验室和工业条件下的适用性带来了挑战。这里通过引入基于称重传感器和加速度计的新颖测力计概念以及通用逆滤波器来解决这一挑战。值得注意的是，该滤波器独立于安装该设备的机械系统的动态行为。一次校准就足够了，最好由设备制造商或专家进行，允许非专家用户将测力计集成到任何加工系统中，而无需重复识别阶段和滤波器生成。此外，这一新概念还提供了另一个显着优势：它减弱了影响测量信号的所有惯性扰动，包括切削过程中产生的惯性扰动以及源自外源的扰动，例如主轴旋转、线性轴运动以及通过机器传播的其他振动工具结构。为了说明这一点，首先介绍了一个简化模型，然后概述了新颖的测功机设计、创新的识别阶段和滤波器构造算法。新颖（非参数）通用逆滤波器的出色性能 - 沿直接方向的可用频率带宽约为 5 kHz，沿交叉方向的可用频率带宽为 4.5 kHz。 – 通过模态分析和实际切割测试进行实验评估，并与最先进的过滤器进行比较。新过滤器的功效比其前身更简单，已在商业和泰勒制造的测功机上成功展示，从而显示了其强大的多功能性。