Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) cause a significant global health challenge, with unhealthy diets identified as a major risk factor. Sodium and potassium, which are essential minerals for human health, play important roles in various bodily functions, and an imbalance in their intake can have significant health implications, particularly concerning hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. This review compiles dietary sodium and potassium intake recommendations from prominent global health organizations and compares global guidelines to Japan’s Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) guidelines. Sodium and potassium intake guidelines from organizations such as the World Health Organization (WHO), American College of Cardiology (ACC) and American Heart Association (AHA), Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA), European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), and DRI for Japanese exhibit variations. Compared to other Asian countries, Japan’s historically higher sodium goal aligns with Southeast Asia where traditional preserved foods contribute to high sodium intake. Contrarily, Japan’s lower potassium goal contrasts with other countries in Asia promoting a diet rich in fruits and vegetables. The ongoing effort by Japan to align with global recommendations reflects a gradation approach considering social habits. While harmonizing international efforts is essential, appreciating regional diversities is paramount through tailoring guidelines to cultural and dietary habit practices. Implementing context-specific guidelines informed by scientific research can contribute to global efforts in promoting healthy diets and reducing the burden of NCDs.

非传染性疾病 (NCD) 造成了重大的全球健康挑战，不健康的饮食被认为是主要风险因素。钠和钾是人体健康必需的矿物质，在各种身体功能中发挥着重要作用，其摄入不平衡会对健康产生重大影响，特别是在高血压和心血管疾病方面。本综述汇集了全球知名健康组织的膳食钠和钾摄入量建议，并将全球指南与日本膳食参考摄入量 (DRI) 指南进行了比较。世界卫生组织 (WHO)、美国心脏病学会 (ACC) 和美国心脏协会 (AHA)、美国人膳食指南 (DGA)、欧洲食品安全局 (EFSA) 和 DRI 等组织的钠和钾摄入指南对于日本展览的变化。与其他亚洲国家相比，日本历史上较高的钠目标与东南亚一致，因为传统腌制食品导致钠摄入量较高。相反，日本的低钾目标与亚洲其他国家提倡富含水果和蔬菜的饮食形成鲜明对比。日本正在努力与全球建议保持一致，这反映了考虑社会习惯的分级方法。虽然协调国际努力至关重要，但通过针对文化和饮食习惯做法制定指导方针来认识区域多样性也至关重要。实施以科学研究为基础的针对具体情况的指南可以有助于全球推广健康饮食和减轻非传染性疾病负担的努力。