Purpose

The study aims to delve into the influence of tourism on the happiness of city residents, grounded in the overarching concept of livability. It posits that prioritizing residents’ happiness is crucial for effectively addressing cities’ challenges in balancing development and distinctiveness. The study pursues three primary objectives: first, establishing a potential correlation between city tourism and residents’ happiness; second, examining the contributing factors to this correlation and third, identifying potential mediators that influence the connection between tourism development and residents’ happiness.

Design/methodology/approach

Using a quantitative single-case design and partial least square analysis, the study underscores the intricate nature of various tourism development components. It specifically explores the roles of cognitive flexibility and social comparison in shaping the relationship between city tourism and happiness.

Findings

The findings make a distinctive contribution by revealing that not all tourism domains contribute positively to happiness. Furthermore, it sheds light on how tourism development impacts the emotional and cognitive dimensions of happiness, emphasizing the adverse effects of inequality and feelings of insecurity.

Research limitations/implications

The study acknowledges certain constraints, including its employment of a cross-sectional design, the issue of generalizability, potential sampling bias and the reliance on subjective measurements when evaluating constructs like happiness and satisfaction with life. Using self-reported data introduces susceptibility to social desirability bias and individual perceptual differences, potentially resulting in measurement inaccuracies. Nevertheless, despite these limitations, the study’s findings offer valuable insights that contribute to both theoretical advancement and the realm of urban management.

Practical implications

The findings elucidated through the mediation analyses conducted for hypotheses three to seven shed light on the significant roles played by mental adaptation and social comparison mechanisms in shaping individuals’ happiness. These insights substantially enhance our understanding of this field. Particularly, the dimensions of social and environmental impact within tourism appear to counterbalance the positive effects stemming from the economic and cultural aspects. This suggests a scenario where an excessive focus on tourism development could potentially undermine the overall livability of the city. These outcomes further indicate the necessity for proactive interventions by destination managers. Their efforts should be directed toward enhancing the environmental and social domains, aiming to reinvigorate the sense of community among residents, which appears to be gradually waning.

Social implications

The outcomes of this study emphasize the utmost significance of prioritizing residents’ happiness above mere considerations of economic growth when formulating efficacious strategies for tourism. By concentrating on the happiness of the local population, a harmonious resonance is established with Sustainable Development Goal 11, which advocates for the creation of habitable cities founded upon the principle that “a city that is not good for its citizens is not good for tourists.” This alignment underscores the interconnected nature of residents’ happiness and the sustainable development of tourism. Moreover, residents’ happiness plays a pivotal role in addressing the challenge that cities face in harmonizing growth and their uniqueness, ensuring competitiveness and sustainability.

Originality/value

The research underscores the need for a people-oriented perspective in urban planning and tourism development initiatives. The study identifies diverse factors impacting residents’ happiness in city tourism, highlighting the complex interplay of environmental, cultural and socioeconomic elements. It emphasizes income’s role but underscores nonmaterial factors and individual preferences. Overall, the study offers timely and valuable insights into the intricate connection between tourism development, residents’ happiness, living conditions and human perception, guiding urban planners and stakeholders.

中文翻译：

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以人为本的旅游城市发展提升居民幸福感

目的

该研究旨在以宜居的总体概念为基础，深入探讨旅游业对城市居民幸福感的影响。它认为，优先考虑居民幸福对于有效解决城市平衡发展和特色的挑战至关重要。该研究追求三个主要目标：首先，建立城市旅游与居民幸福感之间的潜在相关性；第二，研究这种相关性的影响因素；第三，确定影响旅游发展与居民幸福感之间联系的潜在中介因素。

设计/方法论/途径

该研究采用定量单案例设计和偏最小二乘分析，强调了各种旅游开发组成部分的复杂性。它具体探讨了认知灵活性和社会比较在塑造城市旅游与幸福感之间关系中的作用。

发现

研究结果做出了独特的贡献，揭示了并非所有旅游领域都对幸福感做出了积极贡献。此外，它揭示了旅游业的发展如何影响幸福的情感和认知维度，强调不平等和不安全感的不利影响。

研究局限性/影响

该研究承认存在某些限制，包括采用横断面设计、普遍性问题、潜在的抽样偏差以及在评估幸福感和生活满意度等概念时对主观测量的依赖。使用自我报告的数据容易受到社会期望偏差和个人感知差异的影响，可能导致测量不准确。然而，尽管存在这些局限性，该研究的结果提供了宝贵的见解，有助于理论进步和城市管理领域。

实际影响

通过对假设三至七进行中介分析得出的结果阐明了心理适应和社会比较机制在塑造个人幸福感方面所发挥的重要作用。这些见解极大地增强了我们对该领域的理解。特别是，旅游业的社会和环境影响似乎抵消了经济和文化方面的积极影响。这表明过度关注旅游业发展可能会损害城市的整体宜居性。这些结果进一步表明目的地管理者主动干预的必要性。他们的努力应该集中在改善环境和社会领域，旨在重振居民的社区意识，这种意识似乎正在逐渐减弱。

社会影响

本研究的结果强调了在制定有效的旅游业战略时将居民幸福置于单纯考虑经济增长之上的最重要意义。通过关注当地居民的幸福，与可持续发展目标11建立了和谐的共鸣，该目标倡导以“不利于居民的城市也不利于游客”的原则创建宜居城市。 ”这种协调强调了居民幸福与旅游业可持续发展的相互关联性。此外，居民的幸福感在应对城市在协调增长和独特性、确保竞争力和可持续性方面所面临的挑战方面发挥着关键作用。

原创性/价值

该研究强调了城市规划和旅游业发展举措中需要以人为本的视角。该研究确定了影响城市旅游居民幸福感的多种因素，强调了环境、文化和社会经济因素之间复杂的相互作用。它强调收入的作用，但也强调非物质因素和个人偏好。总体而言，该研究对旅游发展、居民幸福、生活条件和人类感知之间错综复杂的联系提供了及时且有价值的见解，为城市规划者和利益相关者提供指导。