While traditional wood preservatives may impede wood decay, their potential harm to both human health and the environment has led to limitations in their usage. This has spurred recent research to focus on seeking wood preservatives derived from plants, owing to their inherently eco-friendly attributes. Agricultural waste such as corn stover fractions, are not only abundant but also frequently underutilized, making them promising candidates for such endeavors. This study delves into the antifungal properties of extracts derived from thermally degraded corn stalk and corn cob. The selection of optimal raw materials and the identification of the most effective thermal degradation process were determined based on their inhibitory activity against Gloeophyllum trabeum (Pers.: Fr.) Murr. and Trametes versicolor (L. ex Fr.) Quél. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was employed to analyze the composition of corn cob extracts resulting from various thermal degradation processes. The evaluation of decay resistance involved wood decay resistance tests and electron microscope observations. Results indicated that ethanol extracts from corn cobs heat-treated at 220 °C exhibited the strongest antifungal activity, accompanied by the highest extract yield. Additionally, the corn cob extracts also demonstrated inhibitory effects on the growth of Aspergillus niger, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus. Chemical analysis revealed significant quantities of vanillin, squalene, and other compounds known for their antifungal or antibacterial activity in the corn cob extracts. Furthermore, wood treated with these extracts exhibited improved decay resistance, surpassing that against G. trabeum compared to T. versicolor. These findings suggest that thermally degraded corn cob extracts can be utilized as environmentally friendly wood preservative.

虽然传统的木材防腐剂可能会阻止木材腐烂，但它们对人类健康和环境的潜在危害导致其使用受到限制。这促使最近的研究集中在寻找源自植物的木材防腐剂，因为它们固有的生态友好属性。玉米秸秆等农业废弃物不仅数量丰富，而且经常未得到充分利用，这使得它们成为此类努力的有希望的候选者。这项研究深入研究了热降解玉米秆和玉米芯提取物的抗真菌特性。根据其对Gloeophyllum trabeum (Pers.: Fr.) Murr的抑制活性，确定了最佳原材料的选择和最有效的热降解工艺的确定。和Trametes versicolor (L. ex Fr.) Quél。采用气相色谱-质谱法 (GC-MS) 分析各种热降解过程产生的玉米芯提取物的成分。耐腐性的评价包括木材耐腐性测试和电子显微镜观察。结果表明，220℃热处理的玉米芯乙醇提取物表现出最强的抗真菌活性，且提取率最高。此外，玉米芯提取物还表现出对黑曲霉、大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌生长的抑制作用。化学分析显示，玉米芯提取物中含有大量香草醛、角鲨烯和其他具有抗真菌或抗菌活性的化合物。此外，用这些提取物处理的木材表现出改善的耐腐性，与花斑木霉相比，其对小梁木的抵抗力超过了。这些发现表明热降解的玉米芯提取物可以用作环保的木材防腐剂。