As a crucial component of the cerebral cholinergic system and the Papez circuit in the basal forebrain, dysfunction of the nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM) is associated with various neurodegenerative disorders. However, no drugs, including existing cholinesterase inhibitors, have been shown to reverse this dysfunction. Due to advancements in neuromodulation technology, researchers are exploring the use of deep brain stimulation (DBS) therapy targeting the NBM (NBM-DBS) to treat mental and neurological disorders as well as the related mechanisms. Herein, we provided an update on the research progress on cognition-related neural network oscillations and complex anatomical and projective relationships between the NBM and other cognitive structures and circuits. Furthermore, we reviewed previous animal studies of NBM lesions, NBM-DBS models, and clinical case studies to summarize the important functions of the NBM in neuromodulation. In addition to elucidating the mechanism of the NBM neural network, future research should focus on to other types of neurons in the NBM, despite the fact that cholinergic neurons are still the key target for cell type-specific activation by DBS.

中文翻译：

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Meynert 基底核在神经调节治疗中的作用：从神经网络振荡角度进行系统综述

作为大脑胆碱能系统和基底前脑 Papez 回路的重要组成部分，Meynert 基底核 (NBM) 的功能障碍与各种神经退行性疾病有关。然而，没有药物，包括现有的胆碱酯酶抑制剂，已被证明可以逆转这种功能障碍。由于神经调节技术的进步，研究人员正在探索利用针对NBM的深部脑刺激（DBS）疗法（NBM-DBS）来治疗精神和神经疾病及其相关机制。在此，我们提供了认知相关神经网络振荡以及NBM与其他认知结构和回路之间复杂的解剖和投射关系的研究进展的最新进展。此外，我们回顾了以往的 NBM 病变动物研究、NBM-DBS 模型和临床案例研究，总结了 NBM 在神经调节中的重要功能。除了阐明 NBM 神经网络的机制之外，未来的研究还应该集中于 NBM 中其他类型的神经元，尽管胆碱能神经元仍然是 DBS 细胞类型特异性激活的关键目标。