Individuals with diabetes mellitus are at increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, which in turn are the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in the diabetic population. A peculiar feature of cardiovascular diseases in this population is that they can have significant cardiac disease while remaining asymptomatic. There is a paucity of data regarding subclinical cardiac imaging features among diabetic adults in Africa, particularly in Ethiopia. This study was conducted to compare the magnitude and spectrum of left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction among asymptomatic type 2 diabetic adults versus a normotensive, non-diabetic control group and to evaluate the determinants of left ventricular diastolic and systolic dysfunction. This was a case-control study conducted at Tikur Anbessa specialized hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A standard transthoracic echocardiography was done for all study participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus and their normotensive and non-diabetic controls. Structured questionnaires were used to collect demographic and clinical characteristics and laboratory test results. Statistical analysis was done using the SPSS 25.0 software. The data was summarized using descriptive statistics. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was performed to determine the association between variables and echocardiographic parameters. The strength of statistical association was measured by adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals, with significant differences taken at p < 0.05. We analyzed age- and sex-matched 100 participants in the study (diabetic) group and 200 individuals in the control group. Left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction were significantly more prevalent among diabetic adults than their sex and age matched controls. Among diabetic individuals, ages of 60 years and above, dyslipidemia, use of Metformin and Glibenclamide, high serum triglyceride level, presence of neuropathy and use of statins correlated significantly with the presence of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction. Chronic kidney disease and neuropathy were determinants of left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction were significantly more prevalent among diabetic patients than their sex- and age-matched controls in our study. We recommend early screening for subclinical left ventricular dysfunction, especially in the elderly and in those with chronic kidney disease, dyslipidemia, and microvascular complications such as neuropathy.

中文翻译：

---

埃塞俄比亚 Tikur Anbessa 专科医院随访中 2 型糖尿病患者亚临床左心室收缩和舒张功能障碍的评估：病例对照研究

糖尿病患者患心血管疾病的风险增加，而心血管疾病又是糖尿病人群发病和死亡的最常见原因。该人群心血管疾病的一个特殊特征是，他们可能患有严重的心脏病，但没有症状。关于非洲（尤其是埃塞俄比亚）成人糖尿病患者亚临床心脏影像特征的数据很少。本研究旨在比较无症状 2 型糖尿病成人与血压正常、非糖尿病对照组的左心室收缩和舒张功能障碍的程度和范围，并评估左心室舒张和收缩功能障碍的决定因素。这是在埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴 Tikur Anbessa 专科医院进行的一项病例对照研究。对所有患有 2 型糖尿病的研究参与者及其血压正常和非糖尿病对照者进行了标准经胸超声心动图检查。使用结构化调查问卷来收集人口统计学和临床​​特征以及实验室测试结果。使用SPSS 25.0软件进行统计分析。使用描述性统计总结数据。进行双变量和多变量分析以确定变量和超声心动图参数之间的关联。统计关联的强度通过调整后的比值比和 95% 置信区间来衡量，显着差异为 p < 0.05。我们分析了研究组（糖尿病）中年龄和性别匹配的 100 名参与者和对照组中的 200 名参与者。糖尿病成人中左心室收缩和舒张功能障碍的发生率明显高于性别和年龄匹配的对照组。在糖尿病患者中，年龄 60 岁及以上、血脂异常、二甲双胍和格列本脲的使用、高血清甘油三酯水平、神经病变的存在和他汀类药物的使用与左心室舒张功能障碍的存在显着相关。慢性肾脏疾病和神经病变是左心室收缩功能障碍的决定因素。在我们的研究中，糖尿病患者的左心室收缩和舒张功能障碍明显高于性别和年龄匹配的对照组。我们建议早期筛查亚临床左心室功能障碍，尤其是老年人和患有慢性肾病、血脂异常和神经病变等微血管并发症的患者。