The shortage of organs for transplantation emphasizes the urgent need for alternative solutions. Xenotransplantation has emerged as a promising option due to the greater availability of donor organs. However, significant hurdles such as hyperacute rejection and organ ischemia–reperfusion injury pose major challenges, largely orchestrated by the complement system, and activated immune responses. The complement system, a pivotal component of innate immunity, acts as a natural barrier for xenotransplantation. To address the challenges of immune rejection, gene-edited pigs have become a focal point, aiming to shield donor organs from human immune responses and enhance the overall success of xenotransplantation. This comprehensive review aims to illuminate strategies for regulating complement networks to optimize the efficacy of gene-edited pig xenotransplantation. We begin by exploring the impact of the complement system on the effectiveness of xenotransplantation. Subsequently, we delve into the evaluation of key complement regulators specific to gene-edited pigs. To further understand the status of xenotransplantation, we discuss preclinical studies that utilize gene-edited pigs as a viable source of organs. These investigations provide valuable insights into the feasibility and potential success of xenotransplantation, offering a bridge between scientific advancements and clinical application.

中文翻译：

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基因编辑猪异种移植中的补充网络：提高移植成功率并解决器官短缺问题

移植器官的短缺凸显了对替代解决方案的迫切需要。由于供体器官的可用性更高，异种移植已成为一种有前途的选择。然而，超急性排斥反应和器官缺血再灌注损伤等重大障碍构成了重大挑战，这些挑战主要是由补体系统和激活的免疫反应精心策划的。补体系统是先天免疫的关键组成部分，是异种移植的天然屏障。为了应对免疫排斥的挑战，基因编辑猪已成为焦点，旨在保护供体器官免受人类免疫反应的影响，并提高异种移植的整体成功率。这项综合综述旨在阐明调节补体网络的策略，以优化基因编辑猪异种移植的功效。我们首先探讨补体系统对异种移植有效性的影响。随后，我们深入研究了基因编辑猪特有的关键补体调节剂的评估。为了进一步了解异种移植的现状，我们讨论了利用基因编辑猪作为可行的器官来源的临床前研究。这些研究为异种移植的可行性和潜在成功提供了宝贵的见解，在科学进步和临床应用之间架起了一座桥梁。