BackgroundPatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are predisposed to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Bone mineral density (BMD) is linked to CVD, but most studies focused on women. Our analysis aims to explore the association of BMD and fracture with the prevalence of CVD in men with T2DM.MethodsIn this retrospective cross‐sectional study, 856 men with T2DM were enrolled. BMDs at the lumbar spine (L2‐4), femoral neck (FN), and total hip (TH) were measured by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA). The CVD outcome was determined as the sum of the following conditions: congestive heart failure, coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, the requirement for coronary artery revascularization, and stroke. The relationship between BMDs and CVD was investigated by restricted cubic spline curves and logistic regression models.ResultsA total of 163 (19.0%) patients developed CVD. The restricted cubic spline curve revealed a linear and negative association between FN‐BMD, TH‐BMD, and CVD. After full adjustments for confounding covariates, the odds ratios were 1.34 (95% confidence interval [CI] [1.11–1.61], p < .05), 1.3 (95% CI [1.05–1.60], p < .05), and 1.26 (95% CI [1.02–1.55], p < .05) for each 1‐SD decrease in BMDs of L2‐4, FN and TH, respectively. T‐scores of < −1 for BMD of L2‐4 and FN were independently associated with CVD (p < .05). Subgroup analyses further supported our findings.ConclusionsThe prevalence of CVD was inversely correlated with BMD levels in men with T2DM, particularly at the FN. We hypothesized that monitoring FN‐BMD and early intervention would help reduce CVD risk in men with T2DM, especially those with hypertension.image

中文翻译：

---

2 型糖尿病男性心血管疾病患病率与 BMD 和骨折的关系

背景 2 型糖尿病 (T2DM) 患者易患心血管疾病 (CVD)。骨矿物质密度 (BMD) 与 CVD 相关，但大多数研究都集中在女性。我们的分析旨在探讨 T2DM 男性中 BMD 和骨折与 CVD 患病率的关系。方法在这项回顾性横断面研究中，纳入了 856 名 T2DM 男性。通过双能 X 射线骨密度仪 (DXA) 测量腰椎 (L2-4)、股骨颈 (FN) 和全髋 (TH) 的 BMD。 CVD结果被确定为以下条件的总和：充血性心力衰竭、冠心病、心绞痛、心肌梗塞、冠状动脉血运重建的需要和中风。通过限制三次样条曲线和逻辑回归模型研究BMD与CVD之间的关系。结果共有163例（19.0%）患者发生CVD。受限三次样条曲线揭示了 FN-BMD、TH-BMD 和 CVD 之间的线性负相关关系。对混杂协变量进行全面调整后，比值比为 1.34（95% 置信区间 [CI] [1.11–1.61]，p< .05), 1.3 (95% CI [1.05–1.60],p< .05) 和 1.26 (95% CI [1.02–1.55],p< .05) L2-4、FN 和 TH 的 BMD 每下降 1-SD。 L2-4 和 FN 的 BMD T 分数 < -1 与 CVD 独立相关（p< .05)。亚组分析进一步支持了我们的研究结果。结论 CVD 患病率与 T2DM 男性的 BMD 水平呈负相关，特别是在 FN 处。我们假设监测 FN-BMD 和早期干预将有助于降低 2 型糖尿病男性（尤其是高血压患者）的 CVD 风险。图像