Recent studies have highlighted the pivotal roles of T cell transcription factors TCF‐1 and TOX in modulating the immune response in cancer, with TCF‐1 maintaining CD8+ T cell stemness and TOX promoting T cell exhaustion. The prognostic significance of these factors in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains a critical area of investigation. The retrospective study included 191 patients with LUAD who underwent surgery, of whom 83% were in stages II and III. These patients were divided into exploratory (n = 135) and validation (n = 56) groups based on the time of diagnosis. Multiplex fluorescence immunohistochemistry was used to examine the infiltration levels of CD8+ T cells, TCF1+ CD8+ T cells, and TOX+ CD8+ T cells. The percentage of CD8+ T cells in tumor was markedly lower than that in stroma (p < 0.05). In tumor‐draining lymph nodes (TDLNs) invaded by tumor, the proportion of stem‐like TCF1+ CD8+ T cells was significantly decreased (p < 0.01). Importantly, higher infiltration levels of CD8+ T cells and TCF1+ CD8+ T cells were associated with improved disease‐free survival (DFS) (p = 0.009 and p = 0.006, respectively) and overall survival (OS) (p = 0.018 and p = 0.010, respectively). This study underscores the potential of TCF1+ CD8+ T cells as prognostic biomarkers in LUAD, providing insights into the tumor immune microenvironment and guiding future therapeutic strategies.

中文翻译：

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TCF1+ CD8+ T细胞和TOX+ CD8+ T细胞浸润对肺腺癌的预后影响

最近的研究强调了 T 细胞转录因子 TCF-1 和 TOX 在调节癌症免疫反应中的关键作用，其中 TCF-1 维持 CD8+ T 细胞干性，而 TOX 促进 T 细胞耗竭。这些因素在肺腺癌（LUAD）中的预后意义仍然是一个重要的研究领域。这项回顾性研究纳入了 191 名接受手术的 LUAD 患者，其中 83% 处于 II 期和 III 期。这些患者被分为探索性（n= 135）和验证（n= 56) 根据诊断时间进行分组。采用多重荧光免疫组化检测CD8+ T细胞、TCF1+ CD8+ T细胞和TOX+ CD8+ T细胞的浸润水平。肿瘤中 CD8+ T 细胞的百分比明显低于基质中的百分比（p< 0.05）。在肿瘤侵入的肿瘤引流淋巴结（TDLN）中，干细胞样TCF1+ CD8+ T细胞的比例显着下降（p< 0.01）。重要的是，较高的 CD8+ T 细胞和 TCF1+ CD8+ T 细胞浸润水平与改善的无病生存 (DFS) 相关。p= 0.009 和p= 0.006，分别）和总生存期（OS）（p= 0.018 和p= 0.010，分别）。这项研究强调了 TCF1+ CD8+ T 细胞作为 LUAD 预后生物标志物的潜力，提供对肿瘤免疫微环境的见解并指导未来的治疗策略。